一、高中英语语法填空
1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since 1949 when the People's Republic of China ________(establish), and especially since 1978, China's transformation from a traditional ________（agriculture）society to a modern industrial society has been greatly accelarated by a rapid industrial restructuring. China's industrial structure developed according to the objective of industrialization, ________ aimed at the proportion(比例)of agriculture declining ceaselessly, and the proportion of the industrial and service sector increasing continually. ________(current), the industrial goods produced in China all range from capital goods to consumption goods.
China's factory outputs extend from textiles (纺织业) to railway, planes and computers. China is the largest producer of inexpensive cotton textiles in the world and exports large ________(quantity) of textiles and clothes. Food processing is very important, and much farm produce is exported. Other industrial products ________(include)television sets, bicycles, cars, trucks and washing machines are expanding in the world.
China has become ________ industrialized country to some extent. The auto and the housing industry, in the process of industrialization have developed by leaps and bounds. The most important export products are machinery and electric equipment,________ the most important import products are raw materials. In recent years, China's industry________(compete) internationally, and as a result, the ________(develop)of the country's industry is increasingly influenced by international economic environments.
【答案】 was established；agricultural；which；Currently；quantities；including；an；while/and；has competed has been competing；development
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，自1978年以来，中国从传统农业社会向现代工业社会的转型，在产业结构调整的快速推进下，取得了长足的进步。中国在一定程度上已经成为一个发达的工业化国家。
（1）考查时态语态。根据Since 1949可知应用一般过去时，且主语the People's Republic of China与谓语动词establish构成被动语态，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was established。
（2）考查形容词。society为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填agricultural。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：中国的产业结构是按照工业化的目标发展的，其目标是农业比重不断下降。本句为定语从句修饰先行词the objective of industrialization，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故用关系代词which，填which 。
（4）考查副词。句意：目前，中国生产的工业产品从资本品到消费品应有尽有。修饰整个句子应用副词，故填Currently。
（5）考查名词。large quantities of固定短语，“大量……”，故填quantities。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：包括电视机、自行车、汽车、卡车和洗衣机在内的其他工业产品正在世界范围内扩张。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故include只能做非谓语，表示“包括；包含”后跟包含的内容时需用现在分词，故填including。
（7）考查冠词。句意：中国在一定程度上已经成为一个发达的工业化国家。country为可数名词，此处表泛指“一个国家”，且industrialized为元音音素开头的单词，故应填an。 （8）考查连词。句意：最重要的出口产品是机电设备，而最重要的进口产品是原材料。表示前后对比应用while；或表示承接关系用连词and。故填while或and。
（9）考查时态。根据上文In recent years可知本句为完成时态，表示过去发生的动作持续了一段时间持续到现在，用现在完成时，主语为单数，故填has competed；或表示过去发生的动作从过去一直持续到现在，不曾间断，用现在完成进行时，主语为单数，故填has been competing。
（10）考查名词。根据上文定冠词the可知应填名词形式，故填development。 【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，形容词，定语从句，副词，名词，非谓语动词，冠词，连词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇政治经济类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The powerful Hurricane Barry weakened but remained a weather nightmare on Tuesday. It ________ (strike) parts of Arkansas with at least six________ (inch) of rain and caused flash flooding that drowned ________animal shelter and killed a puppy.
Heavy rains were falling. The Humane Society of Clark County issued an SOS after flooding drowned its recently rebuilt shelter. \"SOS! We are flooded. It's on the building! \"the official said in a Facebook post. \"We need help! Can any of you keep a dog ________two at your houses? Help! Help! Help!\" Video from the scene showed wet dogs wandering loose in the shelter, the floor covered in water. Many offered their homes and yards ________the animals. A short time ________(late), the official posted an update on Facebook________(say) foster homes have been found for all 72 dogs. \"We are so blessed! People from all over have come to ________ (we) rescue. Donations. Cleaning. Fostering. It's really________ (impress).\" the post said. After the rainfall, a ray of sunshine shone brightly in the states ________the storm burst last week. 【答案】 struck；inches；an；or；to；later；saying；our；impressive；where
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，飓风袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区，并引发了山洪暴发，淹没了一家动物收容所，导致一只小狗死亡。一名官员在Facebook上请求人们救助小狗，为所有72只狗找到了寄养家庭的故事。
（1）考查时态。句意：它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区，带来了至少6英寸的降雨，并引发了山洪暴发，淹没了一家动物收容所，导致一只小狗死亡。根据上文可知飓风发生在星期四，应用一般过去时。故填struck。
（2）考查名词。句意：它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区，带来了至少6英寸的降雨，并引发了山洪暴发，淹没了一家动物收容所，导致一只小狗死亡。inch为可数名词，由six修饰应用复数形式。故填inches。
（3）考查冠词。句意：它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区，带来了至少6英寸的降雨，并引发了山洪暴发，淹没了一家动物收容所，导致一只小狗死亡。animal shelter为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且animal为元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
（4）考查连词。句意：你们谁能在家里养一只或者两只狗吗?结合语境可知表示“或者”应用or，故填or。
（5）考查介词。句意：许多人把自己的家和院子提供给了这些动物。offer sth. to...固定短语“提供某物给……”，故填to。
（6）考查副词。句意：不久之后，这名官员在Facebook上更新了一条消息，称已经为所有72只狗找到了寄养家庭。表示“不久之后”短语为a short time later，故填later。 （7）考查非谓语动词。句意：不久之后，这名官员在Facebook上更新了一条消息，称已经为所有72只狗找到了寄养家庭。本句中say做非谓语动词与逻辑主语an update构成主动关系，应用现在分词，故填saying。
（8）考查代词。句意：来自世界各地的人们来救助我们。come to one's rescue固定短语，“营救某人”,结合上文we可知应填our，故填our。
（9）考查形容词。句意：这真是令人印象深刻。结合上文It's可知应填形容词作表语，故填impressive。
（10）考查定语从句。句意：雨后，一缕阳光在上周风暴爆发 的 各州明亮地照耀着。本句为定语从句修饰先行词state，且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故填where。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态，名词，冠词，连词，介词，副词，非谓语动词，代词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The \"carpenter\" thinks that his or her child can________(shape). \"The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, you're going to be able to turn your child ________a particular kind of adult，\" she said
The \"gardener\ is seldom concerned about ________ (control) what the child will become and instead provides a protected space ________explore). The style is all about:\" creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem\".
Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said.\" Many parents are carpenters, and ________is really necessary for them to bring up their children.\" She spent decades researching children's development and finally ________(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may become________ (anxiety), tense or unhappy.
\"We're so concerned about our children ________ we think have difficulty mastering their own future that we're unwilling to allow them to ________ (free) explore the world.\" she says. The truth is that the ________ (little) that parents worry about outcomes, the better their children may live in life.
【答案】 be shaped；into；controlling；to explore；it；found；anxious；who/that；freely；less
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了现代美国存在的木匠型父母和园丁型父母的特点。
（1）考查语态。句意:“木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。可知，此处主语与动词之间为被动关系，又因为空前有情态动词can.。故填be shaped。
（2）考查介词。句意: “木匠型”父母认为他或她的孩子可以被塑造。turn .. into...固定短语，“将......变成......”，故填into。
（3）考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动名词作介词about的宾语。故填controlling。 （4）考查非谓语动词。句意: 然而，“园丁型”父母很少关心孩子会变成什么样，而是提供一个受保护的探索空间。此处用所给词的动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词space。故填to explore。
（5）考查代词。句意: 很多父母都是“木匠型”父母，对他们来说，把孩子抚养成人是非常必要的。此处为It's十形容词十for sb十to do sth”的结枸，意为“对某人来说，做某事是……”,在 该句中是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填it。
（6）考查时态。句意: 她花了几十年的时间研究孩子的发展，最后发现父母往往过于关注孩子成年后的状况。根据并列连词and及前句中的谓语动词spent可知，此处用所给动词的一般过去式。故填found。
（7）考查形容词。句意: 危害在于父母和他们的孩子可能会感到焦虑，紧张或不快乐。此处用所给词的形容词作become的表语。故填anxious。
（8）考查定语从句。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来，我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语(we think是插入语)且先行词是our children，故此处用关系代词who/that引导该定语从句。故填who/that。
（9）考查副词。句意: 我们非常关心我们的孩子，我们认为他们很难掌握自己的未来，我们不愿意让他们自由探索世界。此处用所给词的副词修饰动词explore。故填freely。 （10）考查形容词。句意: 事实是，父母越不担心结果，他们的孩子可能生活得越好。根据句意“事实是，父母对结果的担心越少，他们的孩子的生活就越好”可知，此处用所给形容词的比较级,且枸成“the十比较级,the十比较级”的结枸。故填less。
【点评】本题考点涉及语态，介词，非谓语动词，代词，时态，形容词，定语从句，副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4．语法填空
Many of the earth's plants and animals have already________(die) out, and a hundred species become ________(endanger) every day. If nothing is done, we may find ourselves________ (lonely) on the earth.
Wild animals live in the________ (forest) which are being destroyed by people. As________ result, the animals are ________(lose) their habitats. Without the trees, the animals are short of food. And many animals are dying out because of pollution.
I suggest that measures should be taken ________(protect) wildlife. The government should keep people ________destroying forests and shut down the factories ________ pollute rivers and air, I think more wildlife reserves should also be ________(build).
【答案】 Died；endangered；alone；forests；a；losing；to protect；from；which/that；built
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，地球上的很多动、植物已经灭绝，一百个物种每天都变得濒临绝境，我们应该采取措施保护野生动植物。
（1）考查时态。句意：地球上的很多动、植物已经灭绝。根据句意可知句子用现在完成时态，故填died。
（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：一百个物种每天都变得濒临绝境。endangered为形容词化的分词形式，意为“濒临灭绝的”，故填endangered。
（3）考查形容词。句意：如果没有采取措施，我们可能发现我们自己在地球上独自存在。alone “独自的，单独的”，答案为alone。
（4）考查名词。句意：野生动物生活在被人正在毁掉的森林里。根据句意可知名词用复数形式，故答案为forests。
（5）考查冠词。as a result固定短语，“结果”，故填a。
（6）考查时态。句意：动物正在失去它们的栖息地。句子用现在进行时态，故填losing。 （7）考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式做目的状语，故填to protect。 （8）考查介词。keep sb. from doing sth.固定短语，“阻止某人做某事”，故填from。 （9）考查定语从句。句意：关闭污染河流和空气的工厂。此处factories是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中做主语，故填which/that。
（10）考查语态。句意：我认为还应该建立更多的野生动物保护区。根据句意可知句子用含情态动词的被动语态，故填built。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，形容词，名词，冠词，时态，介词，定语从句以及语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
5．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to climate change, language does count. In March, the Guardian changed________(it) wording – using \"global heating\" instead of \"global warming\" , after scientists found that Earth's temperature is set ________(rise) from between 2.5C and 4.5C. And on May 1, the UK parliament declared a \"climate emergency\________(become)the first parliament to do so.
If with \"global warminghe state of \"global heating\" is like heading to a point ________ the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back. Everything will be changing: Coral will die, polar bears will lose their habitats completely, and extreme________ (weather) like droughts and
heavy storms will happen at a higher________ (frequent). There is no denying that we're entering a climate emergency.
Decades ago when the science on the climate issue was first increasing, the impacts could be seen as an issue for future generations,\" but now it's ________(definite) our issue, ________shift we all are living together.
However, getting these messages ________ is far from enough. It depends on each to find a solution – if there are any solutions left to find. The UK's Labor leader Jeremy urged that \"we ________(take) rapid and dramatic action now\". Indeed, language matters. But action matters even more.
【答案】 its；to rise；becoming；where；weathers/weather；frequency；definitely；the；through/across；(should)take
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，谈到气候变化，语言的确很重要。今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，《卫报》改变了它的措辞——使用\"全球变热\"而不是\"全球变暖\"。
（1）考查代词。句意：今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，《卫报》改变了它的措辞——使用\"全球变热\"而不是\"全球变暖\"。文中表示\"它的措辞\"，所以填its。
（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：今年3月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5度上升到4.5度之后，《卫报》改变了它的措辞——使用\"全球变热\"而不是\"全球变暖\"。set to do固定短语，“开始做”，故填to rise。
（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：5月1日，英国议会宣布进入\"气候紧急状态\"，成为第一个这样做的议会。become的逻辑主语是the UK parliament，它们之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，所以填becoming。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：如果在\"全球变暖\"的情况下，我们仍然在自己的舒适区处理这种情况，进入\"全球变热\"的状态，就像走向一个点，大自然的微妙平衡被扰乱得如此之多，没有回头路。 4 the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back.是一个定语从句，先行词是a point，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。
（5）考查名词。句意：珊瑚将会死亡，北极熊将完全失去它们的栖息地，干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。该空作句子主语用名词，单数或复数均可，所以填weathers/weather。
（6）考查名词。句意：珊瑚将会死亡，北极熊将完全失去它们的栖息地，干旱和暴风雨等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。介词之后，用名词，所以填frequency。
（7）考查副词。句意：几十年前，当气候问题的科学研究刚刚起步时，其影响可能会被视为未来几代人的问题，但现在这绝对是我们的问题，我们都生活在一起的转变。修饰整个句子，用副词，所以填definitely。
（8）考查冠词。句意：几十年前，当气候问题的科学研究刚刚起步时，其影响可能会被视为未来几代人的问题，但现在这绝对是我们的问题，我们都生活在一起的转变。特指\"这个转变\"，用定冠词，所以填the。
（9）考查介词。句意：然而，仅仅理解这些信息是远远不够的。get through /across固定
短语，“理解”，故填through/across。
（10）考查虚拟语气。that we 10 ( take) rapid and dramatic action now.是一个宾语从句，urge之后的宾语从句，宾语从句中用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气，所以填(should)take。
【点评】本题考点涉及代词，非谓语动词，定语从句，名词，副词，冠词，介词以及虚拟语气等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
6．Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before ________ visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel's hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat ________ (make) a brush.
The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱). His father said that the cat ________ be sick. Benjamin ________ (force) to admit what he had been doing.
The cat's lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin's cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin's drawings. ________ he went home, he sent Benjamin a box for paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings(版画)by an artist. ________ were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had even seen. In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at ________ Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin's parents ________ he might take the boy to Philadelphia for a visit.
In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape painting. William Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, ________ (be) a poor student. But he later said, “Those two books were my companions by day, and ________ my pillow at night.\" While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.
【答案】 a；to make；must；was forced；When；These；what；whether；being；under 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，美国的油画之父本杰明.韦斯特在6-9岁时对绘画的热爱，他所面临的问题以及大艺术家威廉.威廉姆斯对他的影响及帮助，他引领本杰明走上了艺术之路。
（1）考查冠词。可数名词visitor需要冠词修饰，结合语境此处是泛指，故用不定冠词，且visitor是辅音音素开头，故填a。
（2）考查非谓语动词。此处应指“目的是制作画笔”，表目的用不定式，故填to make。 （3）考查情态动词。句意：他的父亲说那只猫肯定病了。根据be和句意判断此处应填情态动词，结合句意“猫肯定病了”此处是肯定推测，其表达为must do/be，故填must。 （4）考查时态语态。本文讲述过去的事情故用一般过去时，再结合语境，主语Benjamin和force之间是动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，填was forced。
（5）考查状语从句。句意：当他回家时，他寄给本杰明礼物。这是一个when引导的时间状语从句，故填When。
（6）考查代词。根据were判断此处是句子主语，且是复数形式，再结合上下文，此处是指“Mr. Pennington寄给他的那些东西”，可用these代替。故填These。
（7）考查宾语从句。 Benjamin had done with his gift是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故用指物的连接代词，故填what。
（8）考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是宾语从句连词，联系上下文判断此处应是“他问他是否可以带这个孩子去费城参观”，表是否用whether，故填whether。 （9）考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语Benjamin和be之间是主动关系，故用现在分词，填being。
（10）考查介词。句意：他说：“白天这两本书是我的伙伴，晚上它们在我枕头下面。”分析句子结构可知，此处应填介词，结合上下文“书在枕头下”符合语境，故填under。 【点评】本题考点涉及冠词，非谓语动词，情态动词，时态语态，状语从句，代词，宾语从句以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
7．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Ne Zha, China's animated blockbuster hit of the summer, is ready ________ (hit) North American theaters later this month.
Well Go USA Entertainment, ________ distribution company specializing in bringing top Asian film titles to US cinemas, will release the film in select 3D IMAX theaters across North America on Aug 29, ________ (follow) by a nationwide expansion on Sept 6.
Written and directed by first-time feature filmmaker Yang Yu, also known ________ Jiaozi, the film ________ (tell) of Ne Zha, a boy born as a social outcast (弃儿)because of a divine prophecy(神的预言) ________he would destroy the world. He tries to change his predetermined fate and people's views of him by choosing good over evil and ________ (become) their true hero.
Built on a successful________ (adapt) of Chinese folk tale and excellent word-of-mouth, the film - the first Chinese animated film is proving to have long legs at the box office.________ a total box office of 4.1 billion yuan ($582 million) and counting, Ne Zha is the best-received animated feature ever in China, and the fourth________ (large) theatrical release in the country's box office history.
【答案】 to hit；a；followed；as；tells；that；becoming；adaptation；With；largest
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，在中国大热的动画电影《哪吒》本月即将在北美上映。
（1）考查非谓语动词。be ready to do固定短语，\"准备好做某事\故空格处要用不定式，填to hit。
（2）考查冠词。空格处修饰可数名词company, company在句中是单数形式,所以这里要用一个冠词修饰。根据语境,这里是泛指\"一家分销公司\要用不定冠词,company为辅音开头,故填a。
（3）考查非谓语动词。句意:美国电影发行公司Well Go USA Entertainment将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片,9月6日将在全国范围内进行扩张。分析可知本句的谓语动词为release, follow在句中为非谓语动词。根据句意, follow和逻辑主语\"将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片\"这件事之间是被动关系,要用其过去分词形式,故填followed。
（4）考查介词。be known as固定短语，\"作为.....出名\故填as。
（5）考查主谓一致和时态。tell在句中做谓语,主语Yang Yu是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。全文为一般现在时。故填tells。
（6）考查同位语从句。空格处后的he would destroy the world是一个完整的句子,要用一个连词连接这个句子。分析可知空格处引导的是同位语从句,从句中不缺任何成分,应该用that引导,故填that。
（7）考查非谓语动词。所给词become为动词,分析可知空格处做介词by的宾语,应该用所给词的动名词形式,故填becoming。
（8）考查名词。空格处由不定冠词a修饰,应该填一个名词。故填adaptation。
（9）考查介词。句意:《哪吒》的总票房为41亿元(约合5.82亿美元),而且还在继续增加,是中国有史以来最受欢迎的动画片,也是中国票房历史上排行第四的院线电影。根据句意,这里要表示的是《哪吒》这部电影有41亿元的票房,介词with意为\"有,拥有….\"符合句意,故填With。
（10）考查形容词。句意:《哪吒》的总票房为41亿元(约合5.82亿美元),而且还在继续增加,是中国有史以来最受欢迎的动画片,也是中国票房历史上排行第四的院线电影。根据句意,《哪吒》这部电影是中国票房历史上第四大的,这里要使用\"the+序数词+形容词的最高级+of\"的结构,表示\"第几最….\故填largest。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，介词，主谓一致，时态，同位语从句，名词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
8．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
More than half of former host cities for the Winter Olympics will be too hot________(deal)with such games by the end of this century. That is the prediction of a recent study.
It's not just the Olympics that________ (be) at risk now. \"The world of winter sports is changing as the global climate continues warming,\" says Daniel Scott, ________climate-change researcher in Canada. He led a team of researchers, ________used math to predict how winter conditions will have changed by February 2050 and 2080. February is the month when the Olympic winter games are________(typical) played．
Scott and his team forecast temperatures and snow cover for the 19 cities that have already hosted Winter Olympics, and two________(addition) cities: PyeongChang, South Korea，and Beijing, China, where the 2022 Winter Olympics will be held.
Scott's team________(start) with looking at historic winter conditions, and then used computer models to predict conditions in the future.________( they) model predicted that by2050，the average February temperatures in past Winter Olympic host cities will rise by 1.9 ________2.1 degrees Celsius. These temperatures can affect the quality of snow, thus________（increase)the chance of accidents.
【答案】 to deal；are；a；who；typically；additional；started；Their；to；increasing 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项研究预测，到本世纪末，一半以上的前冬奥会主办城市将会太热而无法举行这样的比赛。
（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：到本世纪末，一半以上的前冬奥会主办城市将因天气太热而无法举办此类赛事。too…to…固定句式，“太.....而不能.....”，故填to deal。
（2）考查主谓一致。句意：现在不仅是奥运会面临危险。本句the Olympics后面接的是定语从句，并且the Olympics在定语从句中做主语，定语从句谓语动词应和主语保持一致，用复数，故填are。
（3）考查冠词。句意：“随着全球气候持续变暖，冬季运动的世界正在发生变化，”加拿大的一个气候变化研究员，丹尼尔·斯科特说。本句中气候变化研究员为单数，应用冠词a修饰，表示泛指一个，故填a。
（4）考查定语从句。句意：他领导了一组研究人员，他们用数学来预测到2050年2月和2080年冬天的情况会发生怎样的变化。空后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为a team of researchers，指人，在从句中做主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
（5）考查副词。句意：2月是冬季奥运会举行的典型月份。空中的词用来修饰谓语动词are played做状语，应用副词，故填typically。
（6）考查形容词。句意：斯科特和他的团队预测了已经举办冬奥会的19个城市的气温和积雪，以及另外两个城市：韩国平昌，和中国北京，2022年冬奥会将在那里举行。此处用来修饰名词cities作定语，应用形容词，故填additional。
（7）考查时态。句意：斯科特的研究小组开始研究了历史上的冬季情况，然后使用计算机模型来预测未来的情况。空中的词和used做并列谓语，时态应保持一致，都用一般过去时，故填started。
（8）考查代词。句意：他们的模型预测到2050年，过去冬奥会主办城市的2月份平均气温将上升1.9到2.1摄氏度。空中的词用来修饰名词作定语，应用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
（9）考查介词。句意：他们的模型预测到2050年，过去冬奥会主办城市的2月份平均气温将上升1.9到2.1摄氏度。根据句意可知是“到”，故填to。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：这些温度会影响雪的质量，从而增加发生事故的机会。此处作状语，同它的逻辑主语these temperatures之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，填
increasing。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，主谓一致，冠词，定语从句，副词，形容词，时态，代词以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
9．阅读下面文，在空处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's Liangzhu Archaeological Site ________(declare) on the list of World Heritage sites on Saturday by UNESCO's World Heritage Committee during its 43rd session in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan.
The site, ________is located in Yuhang District in Hangzhou City in China's eastern Zhejiang Province, showcases the civilization of prehistoric rice agriculture between 3,300 B.C. ________ 2,300 B.C. The ruins of ancient Liangzhu city were discovered in 2007, and then large dam sites ________(surround) the Liangzhu ancient city were unearthed continuously after 2009. It was ________ (official) submitted lo UNESCO in 2019, hoping to win ________ (recognize) as a World Cultural Heritage Site. The site ________ (include) archaeological remains and unearthed cultural relics of the Liangzhu Ancient City as well as a wetland that covers ________ area of 908. 89 hectares in a plain river network. It is also found that the Liangzhu ancestors started to use characters about 5 ,000 years ago, 1 ,000 years ________ (early) than previously thought, according to Colin Renfrew, a retired professor of archaeology at the University of Cambridge. The World Heritage Committee added Liangzhu to the UNESCO list ________(encourage) better protection of the site, considered to be of \"outstanding universal value\" to humanity. 【答案】 was declared；which；and；surrounding；officially；recognition；includes；an；earlier；to encourage
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会在阿塞拜疆首都巴库举行的第43届会议上，于周六宣布中国良渚遗址为世界遗产。同时说明了良渚遗址的一些情况。
（1）考查时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据时间状语on Saturday可知为一般过去时，主语为Liangzhu Archaeological Site，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was declared。
（2）考查定语从句。本句为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词site，且先行词在从句中做主语，表示“遗址”故用关系代词which。因此填which。
（3）考查连词。between…and…固定短语，“在……之间”。故填and。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：2007年发现良渚古城遗址，2009年以后，围绕良渚古城的大型水坝遗址陆续出土。分析句子结构可知surround在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语dam sites构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填surrounding。
（5）考查副词。句意：它于2019年正式提交联合国教科文组织，希望获得世界文化遗产的认可。修饰句中动词submit应用副词，故填officially。
（6）考查名词。此处做win的宾语，且表示“认可”应用名词recognition。故填
recognition。
（7）考查时态。本空为句子的谓语动词，且结合语境描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为site，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填includes。
（8）考查冠词。area为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且area为元音音素开头的单词。cover an area of“占地.....面积”，故填an。
（9）考查形容词。根据下文“than previously thought”可知应用形容词比较级，故填earlier。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词added，分析句子结构可知encourage在句中做非谓语动词，且作目的状语故用不定式。故填to encourage。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态，定语从句，连词，形容词，副词，名词，时态，冠词，形容词，非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
10．阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Yesterday, I was walking down the street ________ I saw four separate dimes (角) on the ground shining in the sunlight. I bent down, picked them up and entered the post office. Inside a lady ________ (dig) through her purse at the counter anxiously looking for change to mail a package. Believe it or not, she was exactly forty cents short. How amazing it was! I placed my dimes on the counter. The smile I got in return was worth a thousand ________ (dollar). 【答案】 when；was digging；dollars
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者昨天走在大街上，捡了四毛钱，进入邮局时，发现一位女士正缺少四十美分来邮局包裹，作者帮助了这位女士支付了所缺少的钱。 （1）考查连词。be doing sth ...when...固定句式，“ 正在做某事，这时……”。 故填when。 （2）考查时态。分析句子可知，主语为a lady，与谓语为主动关系，且句子为过去进行时。故填was digging。
（3）考查名词。dollar为可数名词,且被a thousand修饰。 故填dollars。
【点评】本题考点涉及连词，时态，名词等知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
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