英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词

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英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词

I. 一般过去时的概念

① 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year(week,

Monday…), … ago, yesterday, a moment ago, just now, in19..等。 例如：

She was in a teacher two years ago. 她两年前是个教师。

I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。

② 也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。 例如：

He always asked questions when he was young. 当他年轻时他总爱问问题。

③ 当表示动作时，谓语动词使用过去式（一般加ed或见不规则动词表）；当表示状态时，谓语动词用 was, were。 II. 一般过去时的构成

(1) 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：

① 一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。 如：look-looked， watch-watched。

② 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，加-d。 如：live-lived， like-liked。

③ 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音

字母，再加-ed。

如：stop-stopped， shop-shopped。

④ 末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加

-ed。

如：study-studied， carry-carried。 (2) 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。

如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。 III. 一般过去时的几种句型 肯定句结构为：

① 主语+was / were +其它。

如：They were in Shanghai in 2000. 2000年的时候他们在上海。

② 主语+动词的过去式+其它。

如：He went to the book store yesterday. 他昨天去书店了。

否定句结构为：

① 主语+was / were not (wasn’t / weren’t) +其它。 如：My father was not at home last Sunday. 上个星期天我爸爸不在家。

② 主语+did not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。

如：She didn't come to school this morning. 她今天没来学校。

一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答为： ① Was / Were +主语+其它?

如：Was it cold last winter? Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 去年冬天冷吗？

② Did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？

如：Did you go to Beijing last week? Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.) 去年你们去北京吗？ 特殊疑问句的构成为：

疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？

如：What did you do last night? I did my homework. Ⅳ. 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住：清后[t]，元，浊[d]，t, d 之后读[id]。

① 清辅音[p] [k] [f] [s] [ ] [t ]等后，ed要读[t]。 如： worked，finished。

② 元音或浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后，ed要读[d]。 如：lived，called。

③ t 或 d 后，ed读[id]。 如：started，needed。

英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词表 * am * are awake bear beat become * begin bet blow break * bring * build burn * buy catch * can choose * come cost cut * do * does was were awoke bore beat became began bet blew broke brought built burnt bought caught could chose came cost cut did did been been awoke born beaten become begun bet blown broken brought built burnt bought caught chosen came cost cut done done 是 是 唤醒 忍受 打，敲打 成为，变成 开始 打赌 吹 打坏，打破 带来 建筑，建设 燃烧 买 揪住，抓住 能，会 选择 来 花费 砍，切 做 做 dream * drink drive * eat fall feed feel fight * find fly forget freeze * get * give * go grow hang * have * has hear hit hold hurt keep * know lay * learn * leave lend * let * lie * lose * make mean * meet dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt 做梦 drank drunk 喝 drove driven 驾驶，开车 ate eaten 吃 fell fallen 落下，跌倒 fed fed 喂养 felt felt 感觉 fought fought 打架 found found 发现，找到 flew flown 飞行 forgot forgotten/forgot 忘记 froze frozen 结冰 got got/gotten 得到 gave given 给予 went gone 走，去 grew grown 成长，种植 hung/hanged hung/hanged 吊，悬挂 had had 有 had had 有 heard heard 听见 hit hit 打，击 held held 举办，容纳 hurt hurt 伤害 kept kept 保持，喂养 knew known 知道，了解 laid laid 下蛋，平躺 learnt/learnt learnt 学习 left left 离开，留下 lent lent 借给 let let 让 lay lain 躺下 lost lost 丢失 made made 制造，制作 meant meant 意思是，意味着met met 遇见 * may mistake must pay * put * read ride ring rise * run * say * see * sell * send set shake shall shine * show shut sing sink * sit * sleep smell * speak spell * spend spill spit spoil * stand steal sweep * swim might mistook must paid put read rode rang rose ran said saw sold sent set shook should shone/shined showed shut sang sank sat slept smelt spoke spelt spent spilt spat spoilt stood stole swept swam mistaken paid put read ridden rung risen run said seen sold sent set shaken shone/shined shown/showed shut sung sunk sat slept smelt spoken spelt spent split spat spoilt stood stolen swept swum 可以 犯错 必须 付钱，赔偿 挂 读 骑，乘 (钟/铃)响，鸣升起 跑 说 看见 卖 寄，送;派 安装 摇动，摆动 将 照耀 显示 关 唱 下沉 坐 睡 嗅 说 拼读，拼写 花费，度过 溅，洒 吐痰 糟蹋 站 偷 打扫 游泳 * take took * teach taught * tell told * think thought throw threw understand understood wake woke/waked * wear wore win won * write wrote * will would

took taught told thought thrown understood woken/waked worn won written 带去，花费，乘 教 告诉 想，思考 扔，投，掷 明白 醒 穿戴 获胜 写 将，愿 英文小短剧本文转自www.coffbar.com，www.coffbar.com 小品剧本，个人简历 简历封面

A(衣衫褴褛） B（衣着光鲜） C小花 D小草 E椅子 F新闻记者

B坐在E上吃东西，A一乞丐上前

A：先生，先生，请给我些面包，谢谢，我饿得不行了。 B：（厌恶）让开，让开。（然后便起身离开，这时他的钱包掉到E上头了）

A：先生，先生（A看见后，立即拾起，追上了走远的B） B：让开，让开啊，我没吃的了，也没钱了（看也不看A，仍自顾自地走了） C：他真愚蠢啊

D：是啊是啊（D点头附和）

A：可……先生……您听我说……（仍拉着B衣服的后摆）

B：挖，你这人怎么这么讨厌！（还是没有回头看A一眼） C：椅子啊，你会不会觉得刚刚坐在你身上的人特愚蠢？ E：唉，人总是这么愚蠢啊~~~~ D：是啊是啊

与此同时A与B还在纠缠，这时E终于隐忍不住爆发了。 E：先生！你的钱包丢了！你怎么这么傻啊。

A与B同时回头，看见了那会说话的椅子E，吓昏过去了。这一幕恰巧被经过的F看见了。于是F就报道了这一事件。 F：大家好，我是新闻记者F，今天我看见了一个奇异的现象，一个椅子说话了，两个人被吓昏了，下面我将采访一下被吓昏的两个人。

B：哦，上帝，哦，妈妈。

F：这个人傻了，我们不鸟他了，下面我采访一下另一个人吧，请问你为什么不告诉他，他的钱包丢了？

A：对不起，我不知道“钱包”这个单词怎么讲……

F：通过这一事件，我们可以认识到，掌握一门外语的重要性，以及金钱给人类带来的影响。是吗，椅子？ E：是啊，是啊（E傻傻地拼命点头） C：唉，人可真愚蠢，椅子也被他们弄傻了。 D：谁让这是一个童话呢……

为了配合马可的英文翻译，所以台词能简单就简单啦。下面是马

可的英文翻译。

A:sir,sir,please give me a piece of bread.thank you,sir.I'm hungry to die. B:get away,get away,dirty man. A:sir,sir!!

B:run away,please run away.I have no food,and I don't have money,either.

C:hey,xiao D,he is so foolish,isn't he? D:yes,yes.

A:but....sir....please listen to me..... B:wa,why are you so disgusting!!

C:hey,chair,do you feel the man sat on you a moment ago is very stupid.

E:ai,pretty flower,do you know,men are always very silly. D:yes,yes!!

E:sir!you lost your wallet!can't you be more clever? F:good morning,everybody.I'm a jonrnist F. Today I saw a very weird thing--a chair open her mouth,and two men are frightened to faint.now,I will intenview the two nozzy man.

B:wo,my god,wo,my,mum.

F:I'm sorry to tell you this man has been mad.we needn't take notice of him.let me interview the other

man,hello,man,can you tell men why didn't you tell him he lost his wallet?

A:I'm sorry,I don't know how to speak \"钱包\" in english......

F:dear audience,through this thing we can learn that how improtant it is to mastery a foreign language,and how lagre the money affect us.is that all right,chair? E:yes,yes.

C:ai,men is so silly.

D:don't believe us,it is just a fairly tale.

本文转自www.coffbar.com，www.coffbar.com 小品剧本，个人简历 简历封面

刚刚小安告诉我“丢提瑞破特”原来是这样写的duty report……英语老师把班上69个人分成12组，一个组有5到6个人，每周大家坐一块讨论件事情，这周我们就打算做这个小话剧了，下次可能打算写个续集什么的。我就演那台词简单的小花，70604演台词最少的小草，马可可能演那个台词也很少但是却是真正意义上的主角的椅子，我们的续集的情节梗概都准备好了。准备写那个椅子被人们关注后所发生的一系列事情。哈，系列啊，够我们搞到那个英语老师下台了……

本文来自: 恒星英语学习网(www.Hxen.com) 详细出处参考：http://www.hxen.com/yingyujuben/2007-03-30/4938.html 一、

Tom arrived at the bus station quite early for Paris bus. The bus for Paris would not leave until five to twelve. He saw a lot of people waiting in the station. Some were standing in line(排队), others were walking around. There was a group of schoolgirls. Their teacher was trying to keep them in line. Tom looked around but there was no place for him to sit.

He walked into the station cafe(咖啡馆). he looked up at the clock there. It was only twenty to twelve. He found a seat and sat down before a large mirror(镜子) on the wall. Just then, Mike, one of Tom’s workmates came in and sat with Tom.

“What time is your bus?” asked Mike.

“There’s plenty of time yet,” answered Tom. “Well, I’ll get you some more tea then,” said Mike. They talked while drinking. Then Tom looked at the clock again. “Oh! It’s going backward(倒行)!” he cried. “A few minutes ago it was twenty to twelve and now it’

s half past eleven.”

“You’re looking at the clock in the mirror.” said Mike. Tom was so sad(难过). The next bus was not to leave for another hour. Since then Tom has never liked mirrors. 根据以上短文内容，从下列各题所给的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。

1、Tom went into the station cafe because . A．Mike asked him to have a cup of tea

B．it was quite early and he could find a seat there C．he didn’t like to stay with the schoolgirls D．he wanted to have a drink with his workmate there 2、What time was it in fact when Tom looked at the clock in the mirror?

A．Half past twelve B．Twenty to twelve C．Half past eleven D．Half past one

3、From the story we know that when we look at a clock in a mirror, we will find .

A．the time is right B．it’s going slower C．it’s going backward D．it’s going faster

4、Which of the following is true? A．Tom arrived in Paris on time

B．The next bus would leave in half an hour C．After that Tom didn’t like clocks any longer D．Tom looked at the clock in the mirror only once 5、Which of the following is the title(题目) of the story? A．The Mirror of the Station B．Not A Careful Man C．Missing A Bus

D．The Clock In The Mirror 二、

When Mr. David retired（退休）,he bought a small house in a village near the sea. He liked it and hoped to live a quiet life in it.

But to his great surprise, many tourists（游客）came to see his house in summer holidays, for it was the most interesting building in the village. From morning to night there were tourists outside the house. They kept looking into the rooms through the windows and many of them even went into Mr. David’s garden. This was too much for Mr.

David. He decided to drive the visitors away. So he put a notice on the window. The notice said: “If you want to satisfy your curiosity（好奇心）, came in and look round. Price（价格）: twenty dollars.” Mr. David was sure that the visitors would stop coming, but he was wrong. More and more visitors came and Mr. David had to spend every day showing them around his house. “I came here to retire, not to work as a guide（导游）.” he said angrily. In the end, he sold the house and moved away.

根据短文内容，从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择正确答案。

1、Mr. David’s house was that many tourists came to see it.

A．so small B．so quiet C．so interesting D．such interesting 2、Mr. David put a notice on the window in order . A．to drive the visitors away

B．to satisfy the visitor’s curiosity C．to let visitors come in and look round D．to get some money out of the visitors 3、The notice made the visitors . A．more interested in his house

B．lost interest in his house C．angry at the unfair price D．feel happy about the price

4、After Mr. David put up the notice . A．the visitors didn’t come any longer

B．fewer and fewer visitors came to see his house C．more and more tourists came for a visit D．no tourist would pay the money for a visit

5、At last he had to sell his house and move away because . A．he did not like it at all B．he could not work as a guide

C．he made enough money and wanted to buy a new expensive house

D．he could not live a quiet life in it 三、

Sigmund Freud was a world-famous doctor of Vienna（维也纳）. He was also a man full of humour（幽默）. Once, at his 70th birthday party, a friend asked Freud if he could put his work into several words. “Well,” said Freud, “we take the sick out of their trouble and return them to the

common suffering.”

As a devoted（忠实的）son, Freud often visited his old mother. His mother usually spent her summers in a small mountain town in Austria（奥地利）. The King Josef usually spent his summers there, too. One day in the summer, a band（乐队）was playing a lively tune（曲子）when Freud’s mother was sitting at the window and watching the people singing and dancing on Main Street. The old woman had a poor memory. She heard the band playing, but forgot it was the King’s birthday. Freud was visiting his mother on her 95th birthday. He told his mother, “Mama, the band is playing for your birthday.” She believed him and had a wonderful day.

根据短文内容，从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择正确答案。

1、Freud was a famous of .

A．doctor, Austria B．general, Vienna C．King, Austria D．doctor, Australia

2、From what Freud said at his 70th birthday party, we can see that he was .

A．a brave man B．a sick man

C．a devoted man D．a man full of humour

3、One day Freud came to the small mountain town for . A．his 70th birthday B．the King Josef’s birthday C．his mother’s birthday D．for his holiday 4、Which of the four sentences is wrong?

A．Freud’s mother and the King Josef usually spent their summers in the same place.

B．Freud’ mother’s birthday and the King’s birthday were on the same day.

C．Freud’s mother was so old that her memory was very bad. D．She knew that the band was playing for the King. 5、Freud’s mother felt very happy on her 95th birthday because .

A．the King Josef himself came to celebrate（庆贺）her birthday

B．the people of the town came out to celebrate her birthday C．she believed that the band was playing for her birthday D．she heard the band playing a lively tune so wonderfully 四、

We each have a memory（记忆力）. That’s why we can still remember things after a long time. Some people have very

good memories and they can easily learn many things by heart, but some people can only remember things when they say or do them again and again. Many of the great men of the world have got surprising memories.

A good memory is a great help in learning a language. Everybody learns his mother language when he is a small child. He hears the sounds, remembers them and then he learns to speak. Some children are living with their parents in foreign countries. They can learn two languages as easily as one because they hear, remember and speak two languages every day. In school it is not so easy to learn a foreign language because the pupils have so little time for it, and they are busy with other subjects, too. But your memory will become better and better when you do more and more exercises. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

1、Some people can easily learn many things by heart because .

A．they always sleep very well B．they often eat good food C．they read a lot of books D．they have very good memories

2、Everybody learns his mother language . A．at the age of six B．when he is a small child C．after he goes to school D．when he can read and write 3、Before a child can speak, he must . A．read and write B．make sentences

C．hear and remember the sounds D．think hard

4、In school the pupils can’t learn a foreign language well because .

A．they have no good memories B．they have no recorders C．they have too much time for it D．they are busy with other subjects

5、Your memory will become better and better . A．if you have plenty of good food B．if you do more and more exercises C．if you do morning exercises every day D．if you get up early 五、

We spent a day in the country and picked a lot of flowers. Our car was full of flowers inside! On the way home we had

to stop at traffic lights, and there my wife saw the bookshelf.

It stood outside a furniture（家具）shop. “Buy it,” she said at once. “We’ll carry it home on the roof-rack（车顶架）. I’ve always wanted one like that.”

What could I do? Ten minutes later I was twenty dollars poorer, and the bookshelf was tied on to the roof rack. It was tall and narrow, quite heavy too.

As it was getting darker, I drove slowly. Other drivers seemed more polite than usual that evening. The police even stopped traffic to let us through. Carrying furniture was a good idea.

After a time my wife said, “There’s a long line of cars behind. Why don’t they overtake（超车）?”

Just at that time a police car did overtake. The two officers（警官）inside looked at us seriously when they went past. But then, with a kind smile they asked us to follow their car through the busy traffic. The police car stopped at our village church（教堂）. One of the officers came to me.

“Right, sir,” he said. “Do you need any more help now?” I didn’t quite understand. “Thanks, officer,” I said.

“You’ve been very kind. I live just down the road.” He was looking at our things: first at the flowers, then at the bookshelf. “Well, well,” he said and laughed. “It’s a bookshelf you’ve got there! We thought it was——er, something else.”

My wife began to laugh. Suddenly I understood why the police drove here. I smiled at the officer. “Yes, it’s a bookshelf, but thanks again.” I drove home as fast as I could.

1、From the story we know that .

A．the writer was poor and didn’t buy the bookshelf for his wife

B．the writer’s wife didn’t like the bookshelf at all C．the writer was always glad to buy something for his wife D．the writer was not very glad to buy the bookshelf for his wife

2、What made the writer think that carrying furniture was “a good idea”?

A．He could drive slowly and it was safe. B．Other drivers would let him go first.

C．His wife could use a new bookshelf. D．He could save a lot of money and time.

3、Why were the police and other drivers so kind to the writer?

A．Because they thought the writer liked studying very much and needed a bookshelf.

B．Because they didn’t think it was polite to overtake a car with a bookshelf on it.

C．Because they thought somebody in the writer’s family had died and he needed help.

D．Because they thought it was dangerous to carry a bookshelf on a car.

4、Why did the writer’s wife begin to laugh?

A．Because now she knew what mistake the police had made. B．Because at last her husband understood why the police had driven to the church.

C．Because the officer was always looking at the flowers and the bookshelf.

D．Because the police had helped them a lot.

5、When did the officers begin to realize（意识到）they had made a mistake?

A．Before they arrived at the church.

B．Before they overtook（overtake的过去式）the writer’s car.

C．After one of them looked at the flowers and the bookshelf carefully at the church.

D．After the writer’s family left the church. 六、

Mr. and Mrs. Bell are very forgetful（健忘的）. For example, Mr. Bell sometimes goes to his office for work on Sunday morning, for he thinks it is Monday. And Mrs. Bell sometimes forget to cook supper for the family. One summer they planned（计划）to fly to New York for their holidays. They got to the airport only ten minutes before the plane took off. So time was short. But suddenly Mrs. Bell said she must tell Alice, their daughter,not to forget to lock the front door when she went to school. As Alice was then at school, they couldn’t tell her about it by telephone. So they hurried to the post office. Mrs. Bell wrote a short note to Alice while Mr. Bell bought a stamp and an envelope（信封）. Soon the note was ready. They put the stamp on the envelope in a hurry and dropped it in the

letter box, but suddenly Mrs. Bell began to cry. The short note was still in her hand. She had put the plane tickets in the envelope.

根据短文内容判断各句是否符合短文意思，符合的划“√”，否则划“×”。

1、Mr. Bell is so forgetful that sometimes he takes Sunday for Monday and goes to work on Sunday morning.

2、One summer they planned to fly to New York to see their daughter.

3、There was no telephone at the airport, so they had to write a note to Alice.

4、In a hurry they dropped their tickets in the letter box. 5、Suddenly Mrs. Bell began to cry because she had forgotten to put the stamp on the envelope.

英语基础语法：一般过去时

一 一般过去时的定义

一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before „, when – clause, in the past连用。

如：

What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么？

I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我会到了林涛。 I was there a moment ago. 刚才我在那儿 二、用法说明

1表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。 常与yesterday, last week, in 19, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。如：

He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。

What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事？ 2在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。如：

We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。

注：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to 和would。如： He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。

Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。

3表示主语过去的特征或性格。如：

At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。

4用在状语从句中表示过去将来。如：

He said he would wait until they came back.

5一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。如：

I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。

有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。如：

I didn’t know you were here. 没想到你在这里。 注意：

1. 表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连结。如： He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。

2. 注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还不……‖。如： —Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. —It’s 2566666. 请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。是2566666。

三 一般过去时对谓语动词的要求

一般过去时用动词的过去式构成。即一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式，不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆，规则变化则遵循以下原则：

(1) 一般在动词后加-ed。如：play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.

(2) 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。如：like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。

(3) 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加—ed。如：supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied. (from www.yygrammar.com)

(4) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.

四 特别说明

有些动词的过去时，如：expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般过去时，后接不定式的完成时；或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式，都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望。如：

I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party. —I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本希望他来邀请我参加他的婚礼。

I intended to have joined their games. —I had intended to join their games. 我本打算参加他们的比赛。

一般过去时练习题

一、单项选择： 从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(10)

( )1． My father＿＿＿＿＿＿ill yesterday． A． isn't B． aren't C． wasn't D． weren't

( )2． ＿＿＿＿＿＿your parents at home last week﹖

A． Is B． Was C． Are D． Were

( )3． The twins＿＿＿＿＿＿in Dalian last year． They＿＿＿＿＿＿here now．

A． are; were B． were; are C． was; are D． were; was

( )4． ＿＿＿＿＿＿your father at work the day＿＿＿＿＿yesterday(前天）﹖

A． Was; before B． Is; before C． Was; after D． Is; after

( )5． —Who was on duty last Friday﹖ —＿＿＿＿＿＿．

A． I am B． I was C． Yes, I was D． No, I wasn't

( )6. I cleaned my classroom ___________.

A with three hours B three hours ago C in three hours D three hours before

( ) 7. I came _______ my house two days ago .

A back on B back to C to back D back

( ) 8 . ___________? He did some reading at home. A What does your father do yesterday evening B What does your brother do in the school

C What did your brother do over the weekend D Where did your brother go last Sunday ( ) 9. What did you do ________ ? I went to the movies. A next morning Bover the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday

( ) 10. The koala sleeps _______，but gets up _________.

A during the day; at the evening B at day ;during night

C in the day ;during the evening D during the day ; at night 二、请用正确动词形式填空。(10)

1. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend. 2. _________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _________.

3. What ________ Tom ________ (do) on Saturday evening? He ________(watch) TV and __________(read) an interesting book.

4. They all _________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.

5. She _________(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She ________ (stay) at home and _________(do) some cleaning.

6. When ________ you _________(write) this song? I __________(write) it last year.

7. My friend, Carol, ________(study) for the math test and ________(practice) English last night.

8. ________ Mr. Li __________(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _________.

9. How _________(be) Jim's weekend? It _________(be not) bad.

10. ________ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she __________. 三、翻译下列句子(20)

1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。

I _________ _________ __________ __________ exciting weekend.

2. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。

Jenny likes _________ __________. She _________ an English book last night.

3. Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。 Emma__________ TV every day. But he _________ ________ ________ yesterday.

4. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。

What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday?

They _________ __________ homework and _________ __________.

5. 今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。

This morning Fangfang ____ ____ ____ ____ because his father _____ _____ ____ yesterday.

6. 你还有什么要说的？ What _______ would you like _______ _______?

7. 放学别忘了向老师说声再见。 Don’t forget ______ _______ _______ _______ the teacher.

8. 为什么你昨晚没有看电视？ Why _______ you _______ TV last night?

9. 他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。

When he ______ the classroom, he ______ a watch on the ground.

10. 他什么时候出生的？1980年。 ---When _______ he _______? ---_______ 1980. 四、改写句子：(20)

1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy ________ _______ her homework at home.

2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）.（变一般疑问句)

___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the

fridge?

3、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)_______ there _______ orange in the cup?

4. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句）

_______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?

5. Why not go out for a walk? （同义句） _______ ________ ________ out for a walk?

6. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句） Thomas______ _____RMB 10 on this book.

7. My family went to the beach last week. （划线提问） ________ ________ ________ family _______ last week? 8. I think she is Lily’s sister. （否定句。注意否定转移）____________________

9. Sally often does some reading in the morning. （否定句）

Sally _______ often ______ some reading in the morning.

10. He is a tall, thin boy. （划线提问） _______ _______ he _______ ________? 五、 改错题(20)

1．How is Jane yesterday? _____________________ 2．He go to school by bus last week. ____________________________

3．He often goes home at 6:00 last month. ____________________________ 4．I can fly kites seven years ago. ______________________________ 5．Did you saw him just now.

____________________________________ 6．Tom wasn’t watch TV last night. ____________________________________ 7．I didn’t my homework yesterday. ____________________________________ 8．He wait for you three hours ago. ____________________________________ 9．Who find it just now ?

________________________________________ 10.What make him cry (哭) just now? __________________________________ 六、完形填空(10)

Tom did not like doing his homework，because he liked to do some 1 things after school．And his teacher always

2 a lot of mistakes in his homework．

Then one day，his maths teacher 3 at Tom’s homework and saw that he got all his answers right．He was very 4 and surprised（惊奇）．The next morning before class，he called Tom 5 his desk and 6 to him，―You got all your homework right this time．Did your father help you？‖Sometimes Tom’s father helped him with his homework， 7 this time he didn’t help Tom because he 8 at home．So Tom answered，―NO，Sir．He Was busy last night，so I 9 to do it 10 ．‖

（ ）1．A．others B．another C．the other D．other （ ）2．A．made B．found C．looked at D．looked （ ）3．A．laughed B．knocked C．looked D．saw （ ）4．A．please B．pleased C．pleasure D．sad （ ）5．A．to B．for C．in D．at

（ ）6．A．talked B．asked C．spoke D．said （ ）7．A．and B．but C．so D．or

（ ）8．A．isn’t B．won’t be C．wasn’t D．can’t be （ ）9．A．wanted B．mustn’t C．liked D．had （ ）10．A．itself B．of them C．myself D．himself 七．写作(10)。 日记一则，字数50---60。 记叙一天的活动： 1．早晨起床，吃饭，上学；

2．上午的课程，并就其中一堂课进行描述； 3．午休的活动； 4．下午的课程及作业； 5. 晚上的安排。 答案：

一、单项选择：1---5 CDBAB 6----10 BBCBD 二、1.had 2. Did; practice; didn't

3.did; do; watched; read 4.went 5.didn't visit; stayed; did

6.did write; wrote 7.studied; practiced 8. Did; do;did

9.was; wasn't 10. Was; wasn't

三、1.spent a busy but 2.reading books; read

3.watches; didn't watch TV 4.did; do last; did their; went shopping

5.had to cook breakfast; wasn't at home 6.else; to say; 7.to say goodbye to

8.did; watch 9.cleaned; found 10.was; born; In

四、1.didn't do 2. Did; find any 3. Was; any

4. Did; read 5. Why don't you go 6.didn't spend

7.where did your; go 8. I don't think she is Lily's sister

9.doesn't; do. 10. What does; look like 五、1.is------was 2.go-------went 3.goes------went

4.can-------could 5.saw------see 6.wasn't -------didn't

7.在didn't后加do 8.wait--------waited 9.find------found

10.make-------made

六、1----5 DBCBA 6------10 DBCDC 七、写作（略）

直接引语变间接引语练习题

I. 请将下列直接引语改为间接引语。 1.She said, “Are you from the south?”

She asked ________ I ________ from the south. 2. Mom said to me, “Don't tell a lie.” Mom ________ me ________ ________ tell a lie. 3．Susan said to me, “We will visit the farm next week.” Susan told me that ________ _______ _______ the

farm ________ _______ _______.

4． Mr Paul said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” Mr Paul ________ us that light ________ faster than sound.

5． “Go and post the letters,” the manager said to him. The manager ________ him ________ ________ and post the letters.

6. “I can’t find my wallet.” he said to me. He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet. 7. “I will take it home with me.” she said. She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with ___. 8. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”

The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.

9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there 10. He asked, “How do you find it, mother?” He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ it. 11.“Where are you these days?” he asked. He asked me _______ _______ _______these days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.

He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______.

13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise. 14. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said. She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news. 15. “Are you interested in this?” he said. He ______ ______ I was interested in ______.

16. “I'm glad to get your e-mail.” He said to me . He said _____ _____ _____ glad to get ____ e-mail. 17.e said to me, “Are you going home on weekend?” He asked me ____ _____ ____ going home on weekend? 18.“How do you like the food here?” She said to the boy.. She asked ___ ____ ___ the food here.

19.He said to me“Don't ride in the street.” He told me ____ ____ ______ in the street. Ⅱ、选择填空。

1. He asked ________ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B.paid how much C. how much did I pay D.ow much I paid 2.“Please close the window,” he said to me. He ______ me _____ the window.

A. said to; to close B. told to; closing

C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close 3.“I am a teacher,” Jack said. →He said _________. A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher 4.He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” →He _____- very naughty.

A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy is C. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was 5.He asked , “ Are you a League member?” →He asked me _________.

A.am I a League member B.was I a League member C.if I was a League memberD.whether a League member. 6.He asked, “How are you getting along?” →He asked _______.

A.how am I getting along B.how are you getting along C.how I was getting along D.how was I getting along 7.He said, “Don’t do that again.” He _____ me _______ that again.

A.said to me; not to do B.said to me; don’t do C.told me; don’t do D.told me; not to do

初二英语上学期月考试卷 一． 选择题。20分

1. I share a flat ______my close friend. A. to B. for C. with D. on

2. His house is different from _________. A. me B my C I D mine 3. __Would you like _______tea? ___No , thank you.

A. some B. any C. a D. many 4. Do you finish _______the book? A read B reading C to read D reads

5. He often goes to school ______breakfast. So he is hungry.

A with B for C to D without

6.He often plays computer games _______ twelve o’clock. A when B to C until D for

7. –If you want to buy a stamp to send a letter, where will you go ? --_____.

A The bank B The library C The post office D The

restaurant.

8. He likes ______in the country because he can be ____his best friend.

A live, close to B living, closed to C live, closed to D living, close to

9. They were all very tired , but ____of them would stop to have a rest.

A both B all C none D no one

10. Li Ping often talks _____, but does _______, so most of his friends don’t like him at all.

A less, more B more, less C more, more D less, less

11. Can you help me find ______the museum?

A the way B the way to C to the way D the way to get

12. –Follow me . Eddie. I know the way . --_______ A Yes, you are right . B Are you all right C Are you sure? D That’s all right

13. If you want to take a bus , you should go to the ________.

A bus stop B school C Lake Park D bookshop 14. You can buy something in a ________.

A park B primary school C zoo D shopping centre 15. --How can we go to the zoo? ---__________. A Let’s go to the zoo. B Fine. Thank you very much C Shall we go by bus? D Why not ?

16. I spent an hour a day ______my homework. A do B to do C doing D did

17. It takes him about half an hour _______football every day.

A to play B play C plays D playing 18. Look, there’s _____UFO in the shy. A an B the C a D /

19. Don’t _____there , please ______your teacher. A look at, look at B look, look C look at , look D look, look at

20. My parents like to sleep _______the window open. A has B have C by D with 二．完形填空（满分为10分）

Mrs Brown has a small 21 in front of her house. In spring she plants some 22 in it. ―She looks 23 them very carefully. When summer comes, they look very nice. One evening Mrs Brown looked at her vegetables and said ―Tomorrow I am going to pick 24 , and then we can eat them.‖

But early the next morning, her son 25 into the kitchen(厨房)and shouted, ―Mother, Mother! Come quickly! Our neighbor’s ducks 26 in the garden. They are eating our vegetables!‖ Mrs Brown ran 27 but it was too 28 ! All the vegetables were eaten up(吃光)! Mrs Bron cried and her neighbor(邻居)was very 29 , but that was the end of the vegetables.

Then a few days before Christmas, the neighbor brought Mrs Brown a parcel(包裹).There was a beautiful fat duck in it, and it was a piece of paper 30 the words ―Enjoy your vegetables!‖

（ ）21. shop B. marks C. garden D. house （ ）22. A. trees B. vegetables C. apples D. flowers （ ）23A. at B. over C. after D. up （ ）24.A. her B. them C. they D. she （ ）25.A. jumped B. ran C. looked D. had （ ）26.A. am B. is C. are D. be （ ）27.A. in B. out C. to D. from （ ）28.A. late B. later C. early D. earlier （ ）29.A. sorry B. happy C. hungry D. smile （ ）30.A. at B. with C. to D. from 三.阅读理解：（共15小题,每小题2分,满分为30分）

A

Mr Black is walking in the park. He is tired. He wants to have a rest. He sees a red chair under a tree over there. So he walks to the chair. There is another man in front of him. He is walking to the chair, too. He has a board(板)in his hand. Mr Black is very worried(担心).He begins to run fast. The man sees him. He begins to run, too. But Mr Black runs faster. He gets to the chair before the man. He is very happy. When the man comes, Mr Black is sitting on the chair. The man doesn’t say anything, but he gives Mr Black the board. The board says ―Wet Paint!‖.(油漆未干)

根据短文内容,判断下列句子正误,正确的写T,错误的写F. 31. Mr Black wants to sit on the chair under the tree. （ ）

32. The man with a board in his hand wants to sit on the chair, too.（ ）

33. Mr Black doesn’t know the man. （ ）

34. The man wants to give the boards to Mr black.（ ） 35. There’s wet pain on Mr Black’s clothes now.（ ） B

Why do children go to school? Do you know? You may say

that they go to school to learn Chinese, English and other subjects. This answer is right. But do you know why they learn all these things? Do they learn all things at school? The answer is ―No‖. Children must learn how to learn at school. No one can learn everything at school. When they leave school, they must go on to learn. So a good teacher at school teaches his students to learn something and teaches them the ways to learn it. Then the children can go on(继续)to learn well after they leave school. 36. What do children learn at school?

A. Chinese B. English C. Maths D. Many subjects 37. Do children learn all things at school? A. Yes, they do B. No, they don’t C. I don’t know D. I think so

38. What does a good teacher do at school?

A. Teaches his students learn something B. Teaches his students how to learn. C. Both A and B. D. Teaches everything.

39. Who can learn everything at school?

A. teachers B. students C. scientists D. no one 40. Which sentence is right?

A. Students go to school to learn everything. B.

Children don’t need to learn after they leave school. C. Children must learn how to study. D. Teachers should teach everything. C

One day an old man was taking the train to his hometown. Suddenly one of his shoes fell onto the ground . but the train started, he couldn’t pick it up. The he took off the other and threw it near the falling shoe. A boy nearby asked him, ―Why did you do that ?‖ He answered with a smile. ―If a poor man picks them up. He may get a pair of shoes.‖ ( ) 41.The old man was going to his hometown________ A by bus B by train C on foot

( ) 42.How many shoes fell onto the ground A Only one B Two C A pair

( ) 43.Why couldn’t the old man pick up the falling shoe? A Because he didn’t want to take it back B Because the train started

C Because the boy told him not to take it back. ( ) 44. _______threw the other shoe onto the ground. A The old man B The boy C Nobody ( ) 45.Which is right?

A The boy told him to send his shoes to a poor man.

B The boy wanted to take the shoes back for the old man . C The old man wasn’t foolish(愚蠢).

四．用所给词的适当形式填空。每题2分，共20分。

1. There are many trees and _______(bush) in the garden. 2. Millie always does her homework ______(careful). 3. He can take care of __________(he).

4. They were _______ (surprise) to see the ―ghost‖. 5. Listen! Her voice (声音) ______(sound) like the singing of the birds.

6. Could you tell me what _______(happen) to you just now ? 7. They ________(chat) under the big tree now. 8. Would you like_______ (go) with me?

9. ________(like) his father , he also likes playing football.

10. It’s time ________(play) games. 五．句型转换。每题2分，共20分。

1. You can see the pandas there .(对划线部分提问) ________ ________you see there?

2. He thinks the answer is right. (改为否定句) He ______ _______ the answer is right.

3. To get to the zoo, turn left when you come to the traffic lights. (写出同意句)

To ______ ______ the zoo, turn left when you come to the traffic lights.

4. How can I get to the hotel? (写出同意句) _______is the ______to the hotel?

5.Cross the road and you’ll see the museum. (写出同意句) ________ _______ the road and you’ll see the museum. 6.You have a toy, What other things do you want? (写出同意句)

You have a boy, _____ _____ do you want?

7. Can you tell me how I can get to the post office.( 写出同意句)

Can you tell me _______ ____get to the post offce. 8. I think there is nothing in the bag.( 写出同意句) I _______ think _____there is _______ in the bag. 9.He looks young. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ he ________?

10.The building has 12—19 floors.( 对划线部分提问) _______ _______ _______ _______ the building ________? 六．书面表达(10分)

simon最喜欢猴子，她列出了一些有关猴子的信息，请你根据这些信息写一篇不少于6句话的作文。 1．猴子喜欢爬树；

2．猴子多生活在山中； 3．猴子爱吃果子； 4．猴子对人没有危险；．

5．孩子们最喜欢的猴子是美猴王——孙悟空。

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. 初二英语月考试卷参 一． 选择题。20分

1—5 CDABD 6—10 CCDCB 10—15 BCADC 16—20 CACDD 二．完形填空（满分为10分） 21—25 CBCBB 26—30 CBAAB

三.阅读理解：（共15小题,每小题2分,满分为30分） 31—35 TFTFT 36—40 DBCDC 41—45 BABAC

四．用所给词的适当形式填空。每题2分，共20分

1. bushes 2. carefully 3. himself 4. surprised 5. sounds

6. happened 7. are chatting 8. to go 9. like 10. to play

五．句型转换。每题2分，共20分。

1. what can 2. doesn’t think 3. arrive at 4. which way

5. Go cross 6. what else 7. how to 8. don’t anything

9. How does look 10. How many floors does have 六．书面表达。20分

Monkeys like climbing trees best．Most of monkeys live in the hills．Usually monkeys 1ike eating nuts，fruit．They are no danger for people．There are all kinds of monkeys in the world．There are many monkeys in China．too．The monkeys look like men，and they are very clever．There is a famous monkey called Sun Wu kong．He was born in Hua guo Hill．He is welcome best．Children all like to watch it．

学英语简单吗？肯定会有许多学生说：“难死了”。为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢？答案只有一个：“不得法。” 英语与汉语一样都是一种语言，为什么你说汉语会如此

流利？那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中，如果你在伦敦呆上半年，保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境，那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境，坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”，那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。 一、多“说”。

自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语，见了同学，尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候，谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典，遇到生词时查一下这些生词，也不用刻意去记，用的多了，这个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成负担，始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。

或许你有机会碰上外国人，你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼，和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪，婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇，句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇，而且不太看重说法，你只要发音准确，准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心，敢于表达自己的思想。

如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系，你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象，对它谈你一天的所见所闻，谈你的快乐，你的悲伤等等，长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。 二、多“听”

寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时，你应该大胆地去参与，多听听各种各样人的发音，男女老少，节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到，如果这样的机会少的话，你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听，这将会对你帮助很大，而你去听学过的课文的磁带，那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。 三、多“读”。

“读”可以分为两种。一种是“默读”。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很大的好处，读的内容可以是你的课本，但最好是一些有趣的小读物，因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很大关系，所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后，你必定会在高考中胜券在握。 另一种是“朗读”这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途径。 四、多“写”

有的同学总是抱怨时间紧，根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多，不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情，或当天学了某一个词组，你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法，又可以锻炼你的写作能力，比如学“wish”一词时，可写一小段如下：

The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future.My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier.However,I'm different .I wish I were a teacher in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor.

只几句话：但wish的几种用法已跃然纸上，这样写下来印象会深刻得多，这样比死记硬背wish的用法也有趣轻松的多。

学习英语不用花大块的时间，10分钟的散步可以练\"说\吃完饭后可以读一会儿英语小说，睡前听几分钟英语，可以使你得到更好地休息„„只要你每天抽出一些时间来练英语，你的英语成绩肯定会很快提高的

想学好英语，首先要培养对英语的兴趣。“兴趣是最好的老师”,兴趣是学习英语的巨大动力，

有了兴趣，学习就会事半功倍。我们都有这样的经验：喜欢的事，就容易坚持下去；不喜欢的事，是很难坚持下去的。而兴趣不是与生俱来的，需要培养。有的同学说：“我一看到英语就头疼，怎么能培养对英语的兴趣呢？”还有的同学说：“英语单词我今天记了明天忘，我太笨了，唉，我算没治了。”这都是缺乏信心的表现。初学英语时，没有掌握正确的学习方法，没有树立必胜的信心，缺乏了克服困难的勇气，丧失了上进的动力，稍遇失败，就会向挫折缴，向困难低头。你就会感到英语是一门枯燥无味的学科，学了一段时间之后，学习积极性也逐渐降低，自然也就不会取得好成绩。但是，只要在老师的帮助下，认识到学英语的必要性，用正确的态度对待英语学习，用科学的方法指导学习。开始时多参加一些英语方面的活动，比如 ，唱英文歌、做英语游戏、读英语幽默短文、练习口头对话等。时间长了，懂得多了，就有了兴趣，当然，学习起来就有了动力和欲望。然后，就要像农民一样勤勤恳恳，不辞辛苦，付出辛勤的劳动和汗水，一定会取得成功，收获丰硕的成果。毕竟是No pains, no gains吗。 练好基本功是学好英语的必要条件，没有扎实的英语基础，就谈不上继续学习，更谈不上有所成就。要想基本功扎实，必须全神贯注地认真听讲,上好每一节课，提高课堂效率，脚踏实地、一步一个脚印地，做到以下“五到”： 一、“心到”。在课堂上应聚精会神，一刻也不能懈怠，大脑要始终处于积极状态，思维要活跃、思路要开阔，心随老师走，听懂每一句话，抓住每一个环节，理解每一个知识点，多联想、多思考，做到心领神会。 二、“手到”。学英语，一定要做课堂笔记。因为人的记忆力是有限的，人不可能都过目不忘，记忆本身就是不断与遗忘作斗争的过程。常言说，“好脑筋不如烂笔头”。老师讲的知识可能在课堂上记住了，可是过了一段时间，就会忘记，所以，做好笔记很有必要。英语知识也是一点点积累起来的，学到的每一个单词、词组以及句型结构，都记在笔记本上，甚至是书的空白处或字里行间，这对以后的复习巩固都是非常方便的。 三、“耳到”。在课堂上，认真听讲是十分必要的，不但要专心听老师对知识的讲解，而且要认真听老师说英语的语音、语调、重音、连读、失去爆破、断句等发音要领，以便培养自己纯正地道的英语口语。听见听懂老师传授的每一个知识点，在头脑里形成反馈以帮助记忆；理解领会老师提出的问题，以便迅速作答，对比同学对问题的回答，以加深对问题的理解而取别人之长补自己之短。 四、“眼到”。在认真听讲的同时，还要双眼紧随老师观察老师的动作、口形、表情、板书、绘图、教具展示等。大脑里形成的视觉信息和听觉信息相结合，印象就会更加深刻。 五、“口到”。学习语言，不张嘴不动口是学不好的，同学们最大的毛病是读书不出声，害羞不敢张嘴。尤其是早读课，同学们只是用眼看或默读，这样就只有视觉信息，而没有听觉信息在大脑里的反馈，当然记忆也不会太深刻，口部肌肉也得不到锻炼，也就很难练就一口纯正的英语。所以，要充分利用早晨头脑清醒的时间，大声朗读；课堂上要勇跃回答老师提问、积极参与同学间讨论和辩论，课下对不清楚的问题及时提出，要克服害羞心理，不耻下问。对学过的课文要多读、勤读、苦读，可以跟录音机读，竭力模仿其语音语调以纠正发音，要读得抑扬顿挫朗朗上口，一些精典文章最好能背得滚爪烂熟。利用一切可能的机会，练习英语口语，比如，与外教交流、参加“英语角”活动、与同学进行对话、讲英语故事、唱英文歌曲、演英语短剧、进行诗歌朗诵等。除了对课本中的范文要细读精读之外，还要多看些适合我们中学生的课外读物，既可增长知识，又开阔了我们的视野，也提高了我们的阅读水平。 学英语，词汇的记忆是必不可少的，词汇是学好英语的基础，没有了词汇，也就谈不上句子，更谈不上文章，所以记单词对我们就显得极其重要。记忆单词关键有二： 一是持之以恒：每天坚持记忆一定量的词汇，过几天再回头复习一次，这样周期循环，反复记忆，经常使用，就会变短时记忆为长时记忆并牢固掌握。需要注意的是，一旦开始，就要坚持下来，千万不能半途而废，切不可三天打鱼，两天晒网。 二是良好的记忆方法：记忆单词的方法很多，学无定法，但学有良法。我认为，张思中的“集中识词，分类记忆”不失为一种适合中学生的好方法。把中学生应掌握的3500个单词集中汇总，分门别类，先过单词关，然后再学教材，在

课本中使用和巩固它们的用法。分类的方法有多种，同一元音或元音字母组合发音相同的单词归为一类；根据词形词性、同义词反义词等集中记忆；把相同词根、前缀、后缀、合成、转化、派生等构词法相同的单词或词组列在一起集中识记印象比较深刻，记忆效果也比较明显。这样每天记40－80个单词，坚持不懈，多联想，多思考，多使用，词汇问题不就解决了吗？在学习的过程中多注视单词的用法和词组的搭配，牢记老师讲过的单词惯用法和句型，这样不仅有助于我们解题，而且在写作时也会信手拈来，运用自如。 把单词记住，了解词性、词义，掌握其固定搭配与习惯用法，背会时态、从句的各种用法，工作只是完成了一半，我们还得将它们应用到实践中去。就像学游泳，光学理论，不下水应用，不等于掌握了这门技术。不必要搞题海战术，但一定量的典型练习来巩固所学知识是必不可少的。先重视基础练习，如课后习题，单元同步练习，这些是针对课堂知识的巩固性练习，不能好高骛远，光想着一口吃个胖子。基础知识掌握后，有的放失地做一些语法方面的专项练习和考试题型的专题练习。特别提倡同学们准备一本“错题集”，把平时做错的具有代表性的试题或语言点记录下来，以备将来查漏补缺，这样对知识的掌握可以达到事半功倍的效果。 英语是一种语言，不是记住了单词、词组、句型和语法项目就是把它学好了，关键在于使用语言，所以在学习英语时一定要注意听、说、读、写、译全面发展。英语学习首先是一个记忆过程，然后才是实践过程。学习英语，无论如何，勤奋是不可少的，它是一个日积月累的渐进过程，是没有任何捷径可走的，也没有所谓“速成”的灵丹妙方，急于求成，不做踏实工作，是学不好英语的。任何成功的获得都要靠自己的努力，要踏踏实实、勤勤恳恳、兢兢业业、一步一个脚印地学习，端正态度，认真对待学习中的挫折和失败。失败并不可怕，可怕的是对自己丧失信心而一蹶不振。对考试的失败，冷静分析，认真思考，只要对胜利充满信心，善于总结经验教训，不断努力，不断追求，胜利一定是属于你们的