2020-2021年 八年级英语下册语法填空复习巩固专讲专练(章末复习+综合测评+答案)

2020-2021年 八年级英语下册语法填空复习巩固专讲专练(章末复

习+综合测评+答案)

一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）

1．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的,限填一词），使文章意思完整、正确。

Have you ever been cycling（骑自行车运动）? This spring my elder brother and I ________ （spend） a long weekend cycling in the countryside. We rode ________ （slow） along because we didn't want to break any speed records, or do sports. We just wanted ________ （get） some fresh air and a break from schoolwork. We really had a great time ________ （ride） along country roads. And there was one of the best things about our trip that made us happy: every few ________ （kilometre） there was a village where we could find everything we needed.

All the local people were really friendly. However, ________ the second day, something happened. We were going down the hill when my brakes（刹车） started making noise, but I didn't mind at all. At ________ midnight we were woken by the noise in the hotel. We were tired ________we set off the next morning, but soon felt cheerful when the sun came out.

What we ________ （enjoy） most about cycling was that it was simple and fun. I think nothing is ________ （good） than cycling if you're looking for a break

that is active and cheap.

Why not have a try?

【答案】 spent；slowly；to get；riding；kilometers；on；a；when；enjoyed；better

【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者和哥哥今年春天在乡下骑自行车时的所见所想。

（1）句意：今年春天，我和哥哥在乡下骑了一个长周末的自行车。时态是一般过去时，所以spend用过去式spent，故填spent。

（2）句意：我们沿路缓慢骑自行车，因为我们不想打破速度记录或者做运动。副词修饰实义动词，rode是实义动词，所以用形容词slow的副词slowly，故填slowly。

（3）句意：我们仅仅想得到一些新鲜空气和远离学业的休息。want to do sth.想要做某事，固定搭配，故填to get。

（4）句意：我们沿着乡村道路骑自行车真地玩得高兴。have a great time doing sth.做某事玩得高兴，固定搭配，所以ride用riding，故填riding。

（5）句意：每隔几千米就有一个村庄，我们可以找到我们需要的一切。few修饰可数名词复数，kilometer千米，可数名词，其复数是kilometers，故填kilometers。

（6）句意：然而在第二天，一些事情发生了。on the second day在第二天，固定搭配，故填on。

（7）句意：在一个午夜我们被旅馆的声音吵醒了。指的是一个午夜，midnight以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。

（8）句意：当我们第二天出发时我们是疲劳的。当……时候用when，故填when。

（9）句意：关于骑自行车我们最喜欢的是它是简单的和有趣的。时态是一般过去时，所以enjoy用过去式enjoyed，故填enjoyed。

（10）句意：我认为没有什么比骑自行车更好的了，如果你想找一个既活跃又便宜的休息时间。than是比较级标志词，is后面用形容词，good好的，形容词，其比较级是better，故填better。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。

2．语法填空

Now more than 20 schools in the northwest ________ China are using E-textbooks. Some teachers say that they make learning easier and ________ （teach）more convenient.

Jing Xuan is ________ （excite）about lessons like Chinese，English and math. She ________（enjoy）the pictures and animations（动画）in the E-textbooks. The children here ________ （study）with E-textbooks since last September. ________ the help of the E textbooks，some good ideas are shared at times. Some

parents encourage their children ________ （try）the E-textbooks to make learning easier. But others worry about their ________ （children）health.

\"You can't imagine how the growing popularity of E-textbooks is changing the way the students learn! More and more students can ________ （learn）with E-textbooks in the future. However, there's still a long way ________ （go）.\"Said the headmaster.

【答案】 of；teaching；excited；enjoys；have studied；With；to try；children's；learn；to go

【解析】【分析】短文大意：越来越多的学生使用电子书学习，电子书有很多优点，比如好看的照片，可以及时分享自己的想法。

（1）句意：现在在中国西北部超过20所学校正在使用电子书。结合短语in the northwest of China，在中国西北部，可知空缺填入介词of。

（2）句意：一些老师说他们使得学习更容易并且教学更方便。结合短语make sth+adj，使得某物如何，空缺填入teach的名词teaching，教学，故答案为teaching。

（3）句意：景轩对一些课程如语文，英语和数学很兴奋。短语be excited about，对……感到兴奋，可知空缺填入excited。

（4）句意：她喜欢电子书里面的图片和动画。结合文章用了一般现在时，可知主语

为she，谓语用单三，填入enjoys，喜欢，故答案为enjoys。

（5）句意：自从去年9月，这里的孩子用电子书学习。结合句子出现了since，可知此处用完成时态，句型have done，填入have studied。

（6）句意：在电子书的帮助下，一些好的想法有时能够分享。根据短语with the help of，在……的帮助下， 位于句首首字母大写，可知空缺填入With。

（7）句意：一些父母鼓励他们的孩子尝试用电子书使得学习更容易。结合短语encourage sb to do sth，鼓励某人做某事，可知空缺填入to try。

（8）句意：但是其他人担心他们孩子的健康。结合句子可知，空缺的意义为孩子们的健康，可知应该填入所有格形式，为children's。

（9）句意：在将来，越来越多的学生能够用电子书学习。结合情态动词can后面加动词原形，短语learn with，用……学习，可知填入learn。

（10）句意：然而，仍然有一段很长的路走。短语a long way to go，很长的路走，故答案为to go。

【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系上下文，确定空缺单词，结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。

3．【答案】youngest；more outgoing；to make；most hard-working；most carefully；to be；to join；to tall；to work；most famous

【解析】【分析】本文介绍布莱克夫人的小女儿速的性格特点、人生理想以及为了实现理想而付诸的实践活动。

⑴句意：布莱克夫人有三个女儿，苏是三个当中最小的。在三者以上中比较，用最高级，故答案为youngest。

⑵句意：她比她的两个姐姐都更外向。由than可知用比较级，outgoing是多音节形容词，所以前加more，故答案为more outgoing。

⑶句意：她总是讲一些好笑的笑话让人们大笑。此处作目的状语，所以用不定式，故答案为to make。

⑷句意：在学校，她的老师认为苏是最努力的学生，她做事情最认真。根据句意可知用最高级，hardworking是多音节形容词，所以最高级前加most，故答案为most hard-working。

⑸句意：她做事情最认真。与前文构成并列，用最高级，carefully是多音节副词，最高级前加most，故答案为most carefully。

⑹句意：苏有一个梦想，她相当记者。want to do想做某事，故答案为to be。

⑺句意：首先她决定参加写作俱乐部来练习写作。固定搭配：decide to do sth决定做某事，故答案为to join。

⑻句意：其次，她尽量和笔友用不同的语言交谈。固定搭配：try to do sth尽量做某事，故答案为to tall。

⑼句意：为了能遇到更多的人跟他们说话，苏打算在一些公共场所工作。固定搭配：plan to do sth计划做某事。故答案为to work。

⑽句意：我相信她会成为世界上最著名的记者之一的。由one of和in the world可知此处用最高级，famous是双音节单词，最高级在其前加most，故答案为most famous。

【点评】考查在语境中根据语法规则对单词进行正确使用。需要考虑词性变化，固定搭配，动词的各种形式等语法知识。答题时注意上下文所提供的信息。平时要夯实自身的基本功，注意掌握形容词副词的最高级的用法和使用不定式的固定搭配。

4．【答案】watching；often/always/usually；any；So；ago；working；began/started；much；angry；idea

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者的祖父从不看电视。但不知道什么原因在他六十岁时谁改变了他的想法，非常爱看电视。

（1）考查动名词。句意：他认为人们花太多的时间看电视。spend…doing sth固定句型，联系上文中watched TV 可知该填写动名词watching。

（2）考查副词。句意：他的一些朋友通常谈轮体育节目、电影和戏剧。所填词在句中修饰动词作状语；结合语境可知故填写频度副词often/always/usually。

（3）考查代词。句意：他们从来不读任何书籍或在晚上出去。联系副词never 可知此处该填写any。

（4）考查连词。句意：所以他不买电视。前面说明不买电视的原因，故填写表示结果的连词so 。

（5）考查副词。句意：两年前，我爷爷60岁了。此处填写副词ago。

（6）考查动名词。句意：他停止了在医院工作。stop doing sth”停止工作“，所以此处填写动名词working 。

（7）考查动词时态。句意：他开始看所有的新闻。结合语境可知该用一般过去时，所以填写began/started。

（8）考查副词。句意：他对世界了解很多。所填词修饰比较级more，所以填副词much。

（9）考查形容词。句意：现在如果他正在看电视你惹他麻烦时，我的祖父会很生气。angry，”生气的“，在句中作表语。

（10）考查名词。句意：我不明白他六十岁时谁改变了他的主意。根据题意，填idea。

【点评】本题考点涉及动名词，副词，代词，连词，动词时态，形容词等多个知识点的考查，综合性强，要求考生在理解细节的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，写出正确的单词形式。

5．【答案】 helped；house；up；useful；sitting；had；my；shouting；loudly；got/ became/ was

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一则寓言故事，主人家的一头驴很羡慕小狗因为它始终得不到主人的宠爱，驴认为，如果它按照狗的做法去做，主人也会把它当作宠物。事实上，它的做法令主人很害怕，大喊救命。被人用棍子赶出家门。这个故事告诉我们：做任何事情都要各司其职，不要做与自己无关的事情。

（1）考查一般过去时。句意：驴和狗都在许多方面帮助主人。根据本文是一则故事，要用一般过去时。动词help过去式helped。故答案为：helped 。

（2）考查名词。句意：一天晚上，两个小偷闯进了农夫的房子。根据下文One night, the thieves again entered the farmer's house. 可知上文也是进入农夫的房子里。故答案为：house。

（3）考查固定短语。句意：农夫站起来，邻居们也站起来。根据下文 So they caught the two thieves. 可知他们都起来，才能抓住那两个贼。get up起床，固定短语。故答案为：up。

（4）考查形容词。句意：从那天起，驴子决定向主人表明，他也可以像狗一样有用。空格前有连系动词be，要用形容词作表语。use使用，动词或名词用处。形容词useful。答案为：useful。

（5）考查固定搭配。句意：当小偷往里看时，他们看见狗正坐在正门外面。see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事；see sb. do sth.看见某人做了某事。根据上文 As the thieves looked in, 可知look与see动作是同时发生的，要用现在分词seeing做宾补。故答案为：sitting。

（6）考查固定搭配。句意：我们最好马上走。had better do sth.最好做某事。固定搭配。故答案为：had。

（7）考查代词。句意：这是让我向我的主人展示我是有用的一个机会。根据 \"It is a good chance for me to show 7 master that I can be useful. The thieves have run away. If I start 8（shout）, the master will thank me.\" 可知是驴自我思考的过程，是以第一人称叙述的。空格后有名词master，要用形容词性物主代词my。故答案为：my。

（8）考查固定搭配。句意：如果我开始叫喊，主人会感谢我的。start doing sth.开始做某事。固定搭配。故答案为：shouting。

（9）考查副词。句意：于是驴子开始大声撕叫。修饰动词bray，要用副词。loud的副词loudly。故答案为：loudly。

（10）考查一般过去时。句意：农夫听到驴子的撕叫声，十分生气。angry生气，形容词，要用连系动词get/become/be，且要用一般过去时，主语是he，be要用was；get的过去式got；become的过去式became。故答案为： got/ became/ was 。

【点评】考查语法填空。主要涉及的名词、一般过去时、固定搭配、代词、副词和形容词。

6．【答案】 written；since；them；in；friendly；songs；an；saw；photos；know

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一封书信，介绍自己在外国学习的情况，其中包括结交了一些不同国籍的朋友，寄宿家庭的情况。

（1）句意：我到现在才写。write，书写；因前面haven't，其后要用过去分词形式，故填written。

（2）句意：当我来到这里的时候一直忙于课程和交新朋友。根据上文的till now，可知已经来了很久了，因此一直在交朋友，根据have done，可知是过去完成时，因此连词用since，自从……，故填since。

（3）句意：我一直和同学们讲英语，晚上和他们一起出去。they，他们；因前面有介词with，要用宾格形式，故填them。

（4）句意：我们用英语谈论各种事情，我也学到了很多其他语言和国家的知识。固定短语in English，用英语，故填in。

（5）句意：父母很友善。friend，朋友；由kind可知此句需要形容词，表示有好的，故填friendly。

（6）句意：我现在对所有的歌曲都心中有数了！song，歌曲，可数名词。由句中的all可知此句要用复数形式，故填songs。

（7）句意：有一座古堡，我们下周要去那里。ancient，古老的，第一个音素是元音音素，故填an。

（8）句意：我们看到一个魔术师在玩纸牌游戏，真是太有趣了！see，动词，看

到；根据语句it was so much fun!可知此句要用一般过去时，故填saw。

（9）句意：下次我会给你寄一些爱丁堡城堡的照片。photo，照片，可数名词；由some提示可知此句要用复数形式，故填photos。

（10）句意：保重，让我知道你在做什么。固定结构let sb do sth，让某人做某事；故填know。

【点评】考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意，然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。

7．【答案】 lives；give；tries；to save；reading；has bought；invited；goes；taking；has become

【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者的朋友Danny。

（1）句意：他生活在一个富裕的家庭。时态是一般现在时，主语是he，所以live用单三lives，故填lives。

（2）句意：他的父母总是给他许多零花钱。时态是一般现在时，主语是复数parents，所以give用原形，故填give。

（3）句意：但是Danny总是尽他最大努力节省钱。时态是一般现在时，主语Danny是单数，所以try用tries，try one's best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事，所以用to save，故填tries，to save。

（4）句意：Danny喜欢读书。enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事，故填reading。

（5）句意：自从他是年轻的，他已经买了许多书。since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是he，所以用has，buy的过去分词是bought，故填has bought。

（6）句意：他邀请我去我们的城市图书馆读书。last Saturday，表明时态是一般过去时，所以invite用过去式invited，故填invited。

（7）句意：Danny通常骑自行车而不是坐公交去上学。usually表明时态是一般现在时，主语Danny是单数，所以go用单三goes，故填goes，of是介词，后面用动词ing，take的ing形式是taking，故填goes，taking。

（8）句意：Danny变得非常健康。saved是过去式，所以become也用过去式became，故填became。

【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。

8．【答案】 hottest；a；character；successfully；their；that；day's；reached；interesting；with

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是电影版喜洋洋和灰太狼和电视剧的故事情节是不同的，在电影中，喜洋洋和灰太狼一起合作打败它们共同的敌人。这部电影很受人们喜爱。

（1）句意：中国制造的动画片喜洋洋和灰太郎在动画片中最热的一部。one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，故答案为：hottest。

（2）句意：这部电影和电视剧的名字和人物都一样。the same，相同，修饰名词，固定搭配，故答案为：the。

（3）句意：这部电影和电视剧的名字和人物都一样。character人物，可数名词，人物不止一个，可知此处character用复数，故答案为：characters。

（4）句意：在电视剧中，灰太狼想要吃掉喜洋洋，但是羊们成功地保护了自己。副词修饰动词，success成功，名词，successfully成功地，副词，故答案为：successfully。

（5）句意：在经过努力工作后，最后他们击败了它们共同的敌人。they它们，人称代词，此处是形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故答案为：their。

（6）句意：它非常受欢迎以致于在几个小时票被卖光了。so...that...，如此……以致于……，引导结果状语从句，故答案为：that。

（7）句意：很多人必须站队等着第二天的票。day天，名词，此处是名词所有格修饰名词，故答案为：day's。

（8）句意：它的票房达到三百万。过去的事情对现在造成的结果和影响。句子时态是现在完成时，现在完成时的结构has/have+done，故答案为：reached。

（9）句意：这部电影非常有趣，你可以和你父母一起去看。interest使……感兴趣，

在系表结构中主语表示物的名词，使用interesting有趣的，作表语，故答案为：interesting。

（10）句意：这部电影非常有趣，你可以和你父母一起去看。和……一起，with，故答案为：with。

【点评】此题考查语法填空。我们先跳过空格阅读短文，了解短文大意。然后仔细阅读每个句子，根据句子结构和语境用所给词的正确形式填空，对于句子所缺的词根据语法知识和固定搭配，确定句子所缺的成分，填上合适的词，然后将整个短文再阅读一遍，核查答案。

二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）

9．阅读理解

Embroidery（刺绣） has a long history and can date back to the Warring States Period in China. Embroidery is very popular in many countries such as China, India and Japan. Embroidery is the handicraft of decorating fabric or other materials with needles and thread or yarn. Embroidery may also use other materials such as metal Strips, pearls, beads, quills and sequins. Embroidery is most often used on caps, hats, coats, blankets, dress shirts, denim, stockings and golf shirts. Embroidery is available with a wide variety of thread or yarn colours.

Embroidery has many unique characteristics （特点 ）. One of the interesting characteristics of embroidery is the basic techniques or stitches （针法）, such as

the chain stitch, the buttonhole or the blanket stitch, the running stitch, the satin stitch and the cross stitch. They are still the fundamental techniques of hand embroidery today.

Embroidery can be classified according to whether the design is stitched on top of or through the foundation fabric; and by the relationship of stitch placement to the fabric. Different embroideries have their own advantages and disadvantages. In' modern society, we can produce many different embroideries. Machine embroidery is one of them: It appears in the early stages of the Industrial Revolution.

（1）From the passage, we can know embroidery can date back to

A. the Warring States Period B. the Spring and Autumn Period

C. the modern times D. the Ming Dynasty

（2）Which of the following materials cannot be used in embroidery according to the passage?

A. Metal

strips. B. Pearls. C. Quills. D. Wood.

（3）From the passage, how many things can embroidery be used on?

A. Seven. B. Six. C. Five. D. Eight.

（4）Which of the following characteristics belongs to embroidery?

A. The flying stitch. B. The satin stitch. C. The flat

stitch. D. The button stitch.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）D

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了刺绣的起源，构造以及特点和用途。

（1）细节题。根据第一段提到的 Embroidery has a long history and can date back to the Warring States Period in China. 可知刺绣来自the Warring States Period，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据第一段提到的 Embroidery may also use other materials such as metal Strips, pearls, beads, quills and sequins. 可知材料不包括wood，木料，故

选D。

（3）细节题。根据第一段提到的 Embroidery is most often used on caps, hats, coats, blankets, dress shirts, denim, stockings and golf shirts. 可知一共有8个，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据第二段提到的 One of the interesting characteristics of embroidery is the basic techniques or stitches （针法）, such as the chain stitch, the buttonhole or the blanket stitch, the running stitch, the satin stitch and the cross stitch. 可知the satin stitch是它的特点，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解

Climbing Mount Qomolangma, the World's highest mountain, has now become more difficult. The government of Nepal asks climbers to come down the mountain with at least 18 pounds of garbage. That's the average amount of garbage a climber leaves behind on Mount Qomolangma.

Climbers would leave garbage along the way. This helps climbers keep their bags light, so they would have energy to reach the summit. The garbage problem in Mount Qomolangma is not new. In 2013, climbers carried down a

total of four tons of garbage.

The new rule came into effect in April of 2014. To make sure it is followed, climbers will have to hand in some money to the officials before they climb the mountain. When they climb back down the mountain, the officials will check them to make sure they bring down the 18 pounds of garbage. If they do, their money will be given back to them. If not, climbers won't get their money back. Also, the officials won't let these people climb the mountain again.

（1）The government of Nepal asks climbers of Mount Qomolangma to .

A. take fewer things to the top of the mountain

B. bring at least 18 pounds of food with them

C. bring down the garbage left by other climbers

D. bring down at least 18 pounds of garbage when they come down the mountain

（2）Why do climbers leave garbage along the way?

A. Because they want to leave some food for others.

B. Because the garbage can help others find them.

C. Because they want to keep their bags light.

D. Because the garbage can show them how to come down.

（3）How much garbage was brought down Mount Qomolangma in 2013?

A. 4 tons. B. 8 tons. C. 14

tons. D. 18 tons.

（4）Now the climbers have to before they climb Mount Qomolangma.

A. hand in some money to the officials

B. leave plastic bags behind them

C. tell the officials when they will come down

D. tell the officials how many bags they will bring

【答案】 （1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了爬珠穆朗玛峰的登山者下山时应该至少带回18英镑的垃圾。

（1）细节题。根据The government of Nepal asks climbers to come down the mountain with at least 18 pounds of garbage.可知登山者下山时应该带至少18英镑的垃圾，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据Climbers would leave garbage along the way. This helps climbers keep their bags light可知登山者把垃圾留在沿路，目的是帮助保持他们的包轻快，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据In 2013, climbers carried down a total of four tons of garbage.可知在2013年，登山者把4吨垃圾带下山，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据climbers will have to hand in some money to the officials before they climb the mountain.可知登山者在他们爬山前上交一些钱给，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

11．阅读理解

In the universe, as we know, there is the sun, the moon, the earth and a good many stars. Through our geography lessons, we know the earth goes round the sun, and the moon goes round the earth. We have day and night because the

earth keeps turning all the time. When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, it is night.

Just because the moon is closer to the earth than the sun, it looks much bigger than the sun. Big things will look smaller when they are farther, and small things also look bigger when they are nearer.

The sun is bright enough to give out very strong light. The moon can't give any light at all, but it looks quite bright, too. Why? In fact, the light from the moon comes from the sun. The moon looks much bigger and brighter than the stars. But actually（事实上）the stars are much bigger and brighter than the moon. They look smaller than the moon also because they are farther away from the earth.

There are still many other planets in the universe.

But of all these planets, only on the earth there are living things and people can only live on the earth, too. But at 9：00 am on October 15th, 2003, Chinese pilot Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours. It was the first time for Chinese to get into space.

（1）When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, the other part of the earth is .

A. night B. day C. evening

D. Sunday

（2）When did the pilot from our country return to the earth?

A. On November 15th, 2002. B. On October 16th, 2003.

C. On May 15th, 2004. D. On October 15th, 2003.

（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The moon goes round the earth, and it can't give out any light at all.

B. The moon goes round the sun, and its light is from the sun.

C. The earth moves round the moon, and people can live only on the earth.

D. Of all the planets, only the earth moves round the sun.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】短文大意： 此篇文章介绍的是太空中，宇宙意味着地球，太阳，月亮和星星及其它们之间的空间。以及之间的关联。

（1）细节理解题。根据When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is day. When our part of the earth turns away from the sun, it is night. 当地球上我们的部分转向太阳时，是白天。当地球上我们的部分转离太阳时，是晚上，可知地球的另一面是白天。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据 But at 9：00 am on October 15th, 2003, Chinese pilot Yang Liwei was sent up to space. He stayed there for 21 hours. 但是在003年10月15日上午九点钟，中国飞行员杨利伟被发射到太空。在那里呆了21个小时。可知他是2003年10月16日离开的。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据 Through our geography lessons, we know the earth goes round the sun, and the moon goes round the earth. The moon can't give any light at all, but it looks quite bright, too. 可知月亮绕着地球转。月亮本身不发光。故选A。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。此题涉及细节理解和推理判断题。对于细节理解题。我们先分析问题，弄清题意。然后仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中找到和问题相关的语句，确定问题答案。对于推理判断题，我们在理解问题后仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中推理判断问题的正误。

12．阅读理解

I never wanted a dog, but now I'm so glad I have one.

About two years ago my wife, Cathy, got a little dog with a face only a

mother could love. We named her Gertie. Gertie is the kind of dog that has to grow on you. So I decided that the dog would be trained. This didn't quite go as planned. At 15 weeks old, she was nearly made to leave the Pet smart Training School. She spent every night lying in our bed — snoring（打鼾） so loudly that I hardly got a good night's sleep.

Then, about six months after she arrived, I felt that something in my heart was taking place, and I was unable to stop it. My behavior began to change. I began to smile at people when passing them in a street. I started calling my kids and, to my surprise, they started calling me. I even tried to speak to my grandchildren over the phone once. I was even glad to listen to laughter from a 10-month-old granddaughter. The point is that I was changing.

My wife and I both agree that it is Gertie who has changed my behavior.

Gertie is now nearly two years old and almost fully grown. I have come to like the pet little by little, though she is my wife's dog.

（1）What did the writer think of the dog at the beginning?

A. It wasn't very lovely.

B. It could change his life.

C. It looked very beautiful.

D. It wasn't necessary to be trained.

（2）What happened in about six months after Gertie arrived?

A. The dog didn't like the training school.

B. The writer never wanted the dog Gertie.

C. The dog began to call my kids, too.

D. The writer began to change his behavior.

（3）Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the writers change?

A. He started calling his kids.

B. He began to smile at people.

C. He liked helping his neighbours.

D. He spoke to his grandchildren over the phone.

（4）What can we learn from this passage?

A. The dog has been trained very well.

B. The dog has made the writer more friendly.

C. The writer has become more confident.

D. The writer likes the dog better than his wife.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍一只名叫Gertie的小狗，作者由刚开始不喜欢养狗到喜欢自己的小狗的故事。

（1）推断题。根据 Cathy, got a little dog with a face only a mother could love.可知，妻子得到一只狗，它的脸只有妈妈才喜爱，可推出作者刚开始认为狗很不可爱，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据I felt that something in my heart was taking place, My behavior began to change.可知，作者开始改变自己的行为，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据 I began to smile at people when passing them in a street. I started calling my kids and, to my surprise, they started calling me.I even tried to

speak to my grandchildren over the phone once.可知，文章没有提到小狗帮助邻居，故选C。

（4）推断题。Gertie 15周以前是在培训学校进行培训过的，经过培训后让作者由不喜欢狗到喜欢自己的小狗Gertie，可见，狗被培训的很好，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答案。推断题需要根据上下文，推断出需要的信息。

13．阅读理解

A new report says promising children money to pass exams does not help exam grades. The report says parents may waste their money by using it to get their kids to study more.

However, the promise of a trip could encourage students to try harder and do better at school. Scientists looked at how promises of money and tickets to shows affected students' studying and learning. Over 10,000 students took part in the survey. There was an improvement in class work and homework, but this did not result in better test scores.

Lead scientist Dr. Simon Burgess thought the survey showed something important and interesting. He said it had not found something that really got students to work harder. He added that, clearly, some students have a lot of goals. They believe that education is a way of getting a brighter future, but there are

kids who think that working hard doesn't make a difference.\" He said these children think exam success is all in your genes because of their family environment.

Education expert Dr. Kevan Collins said good teachers were better than promises of money to get children to study, especially for children from poor families. He wrote, \"What really makes the difference is how students are taught.\"

（1）We can see from the new report that .

A. students don't like to travel at all

B. lots of students are harder to get more money

C. money can not help students get better grades

D. parents need a lot of money to help their children

（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. The survey shows something makes students really work harder.

B. Some students think education is very important for their future.

C. Students will work harder if they don't think they have good genes.

D. Having trips is more important than owning much money in our life.

（3）If a student thinks gene is the most important, he might agree make（s） the difference.

A. good teachers B. working hard C. much

money D. family environment

（4）We might read the passage in the part of in a newspaper.

A. health B. culture C. sports D. education

【答案】 （1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文文章主要讲述了学生努力学习的原因及其学生的想法，文章一开始提到用钱鼓励学生读书不靠谱，后来介绍了学生对考试的态度和看法，最后罗列的一位专家的看法。

（1）细节题。根据文章提到的 A new report says promising children money to

pass exams does not help exam grades 可知钱不能使得学生学习成绩好，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据文章提到的 They believe that education is a way of getting a brighter future 可知有一些学生认为教育改变命运，故选B。

（3）推断题。根据文章提到的 He said these children think exam success is all in your genes because of their family environment 可知他这样想的原因是环境因素，故选D。

（4）主旨题。根据文章内容主要说了学生努力学习问题，可知可以在教育版块找到这篇文章，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

14．阅读理解

When you are ill, you must be unhappy because you feel uncomfortable, you don't want to work and you may have to stay in bed. This makes you feel very sad.

What makes us ill? They are germs. Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can't find them with your eyes. But you can see them with a microscope（显微镜）. They are very, very small and there could be hundreds of them on a little piece of something.

Germs are always found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope. We will see a lots of them in it, so your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.

Germs are not only found in water. They are found in air and dust（灰尘）, if you get a cut in the finger, and if some of the dust from the floor goes into the cut, germs will come into your finger. Your finger will become big and red, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes if the germs go into all of your body, you may have pain in every part of the body.

What can you do to fight germs? You should wash your hands with soap and water. Soap kills many germs, and water washes them away.

（1）The underlined word \"germs\" means ________ in Chinese.

A. 尘埃 B. 细胞 C. 赃物 D. 病菌

（2）If we want to find out how many germs there are, we can use ________.

A. eyes B. glasses C. microscopes D. cameras

（3）According to the passage, we can find a lot of germs at ________ places.

A. clean B. dirty C. quiet

D. noisy

（4）From the passage, we know that germs are ________ to us.

A. friendly B. bad C. useful D. important

【答案】 （1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】 本文主要说明细菌让我们生病。细菌无处不在。细菌经常出现在脏水中。在空气和灰尘中也有细菌。有时细菌会进入你的身体，让你处处有疼痛。

（1）词义猜测题。根据 They are germs. Germs are everywhere. They are very small and you can't find them with your eyes. But you can see them with a microscope 是细菌，细菌无处不在，它们非常小而且你无法用肉眼看见,但是你可以用显微镜看见它们，可知germs是细菌的意思，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据They are very small and you can't find them with your eyes. But you can see them with a microscope，可知它们非常小而且你无法用肉眼看见，但是你可以用显微镜看见它们，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 Germs are always found in dirty water，可知我们可以在脏水里面看见很多细菌 ，故选B。

（4）推理题。根据 if you get a cut in the finger, and if some of the dust from the floor goes into the cut, germs will come into your finger. Your finger will become big and red, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes if the germs go into all of your body, you may have pain in every part of the body. 如果你的手指有一个伤口，你的手指会变得大而红肿,而且你会感到那儿很疼，如果有时细菌进入了你的体内，你会感到浑身疼痛的可知细菌对我们有害，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

15．阅读理解

Flynn McGarry, a 14-year-old American boy won the prize from \"the country's hottest cook\".

He began cooking four years ago and wanted to cook as much as he could do it. After looking at all these cookbooks and going on the Internet, he thought he could be successful one day. McGarry said. \"Every time I try it, I hope to keep getting better and better. I just fell in love with it.\"

He said his mother's cooking was another reason for him to cook. He didn't

quite like his mother's food, so he decided to try something simple. He started cooking for himself. He began practicing his knife after school.

Then，he started making dishes for a few of his mother's friends. Soon after，he made more delicious and expensive dishes for famous restaurants in America. When his skills in the kitchen got better，he was able to cook his way through most of the cookbooks. He has worked in top restaurants across the country.

The young man has a strong passion（热情）for cooking. He even turned his bedroom into a place like a kitchen. You can't see any video games，basketballs or movie posters.

McGarry's mother is happy with him and she fully supports（支持）her son. She said，“He showed such interest for this that it was a right choice to do what he loves. ”

\"Keeping on your passion and hard work certainly pays off in the end.\" said McGarry.

（1）The boy, McGarry began cooking because .

A. it was a subject in his school B. he didn't like his mother's food

C. his mother asked him to do it D. he wanted to cook for his classmates

（2）From the third paragraph, we can learn that .

A. the boy only cooked for his family B. the boy has worked in famous restaurants

C. the boy never practiced cooking D. few friends enjoyed his meals

（3）McGarry became so interested in cooking that .

A. his subjects became the worst of all B. he made lots of money

C. he made his bedroom like a kitchen D. his mother had to stop him from cooking

（4）The best title for the passage may be .

A. Cooking Will Be Popular

B. Hard Work Is the Key to Success

C. Cooking Can't Help Us

D. Everyone Can Be Perfect

【答案】 （1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文主要讲述一个孩子从怀有对做菜的兴趣，到不断坚持努力做各种尝试，最后变成一位有名的美国厨师的故事，这篇文章告诉我们努力和付出是打开成功之门的关键。

（1）细节理解题。根据 He said his mother's cooking was another reason for him to cook. He didn't quite like his mother's food, so he decided to try something simple. 他说他母亲的烹饪是他烹饪的另一个原因。他不很喜欢母亲做的食物，因此决定去尝试一些简单东西。故选B。可知他开始烹饪因为他不喜欢母亲做的食物，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据 Soon after，he made more delicious and expensive dishes for famous restaurants in America. 不久后，他在每个为一些著名的饭店做更美味更贵的菜肴。可知男孩在著名的饭店工作。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据 The young man has a strong passion（热情）for cooking. He even turned his bedroom into a place like a kitchen. 这个男孩对烹饪

有强烈的热情。他甚至把卧室改成像厨房一样的地方。故选C。

（4）文章主题。根据文章主题句 \"Keeping on your passion and hard work certainly pays off in the end.\" said McGarry.可知热情和努力工作是成功的关键。故选B。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题，细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。 重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。

16．阅读理解

Mary and Peter were having a picnic with some friends near a river when Mary shouted, \"Look! That's a spaceship up there and it's going to land here. \"

Frightened by the strange spaceship, all the young people got into their cars and drove away as quickly as possible except Peter and Mary. They were more curious（好奇的）than frightened. They watched the spaceship land and saw a door open, but nobody came out, so they went to look into it. In the centre of the floor, there was a lot of food. Peter followed Mary into the spaceship and did not hear the door close behind him. The temperature fell in no time and very soon the two young people didn't know anything.

When they came to, they were surprised to see that they were back by the river again. The spaceship had gone. Their car was nearby.

\"What happened?\" asked Mary.

Peter scratched（搔）his head, saying slowly, \"Don't ask me. Perhaps we had a problem. Come on. It's time to go home.\"

After driving about fifty metres, they found a thick wall made of something like glass stood in their way. On the other side of the wall, a few strange aliens were looking through the wall and reading a notice, which translated into（译成）English said, \"New comers at the zoo, a pair of earth villagers in their house on wheels. \" （1）What happened after Mary and Peter entered the spaceship?

A. They were asked to eat much food.

B. The temperature went up.

C. Someone they couldn't see knocked them down.

D. The spaceship flew away with them and part of the field.

（2）What can we learn from the end of the story?

A. Peter and Mary became villagers.

B. Peter and Mary were in another planet（星球）.

C. Peter and Mary went back home.

D. Peter and Mary visited the zoo.

（3）The underlined part \"house on wheels\" means \" \" in this story.

A. car B. space C. wall D. zoo

（4）How did Peter and Mary feel when they saw the strange spaceship?

A. frightened B. surprised C. amazed D. curious

【答案】 （1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Peter and Mary被外星人带到了外星球的动物园里的故事。

（1）推理题。根据 New comers at the zoo, a pair of earth villagers in their house on wheels. 可知宇宙飞船带着他们还有一部分场地一起飞走了，故选D。

（2）推理题。根据 On the other side of the wall, a few strange aliens were looking through the wall and reading a notice, which translated into（译成）English said, \"New comers at the zoo, a pair of earth villagers in their house on wheels 可知 彼得和玛丽在另一个星球上 ，故选B。

（3）词义猜测题。根据 New comers at the zoo, a pair of earth villagers in their house on wheels. \" 物园里新来的人，一对地球上的村民在他们的有轮子的房子里车，可知house on wheels是车的意思，故选A。

（4）推理题。根据 They were more curious（好奇的）than frightened 可知他们很惊讶，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜测题，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。