A227A227M

StandardSpecificationfor

SteelWire,Cold-DrawnforMechanicalSprings1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationA227/A227M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.ThisstandardhasbeenapprovedforusebyagenciesoftheDepartmentofDefense.

1.Scope

1.1Thisspecificationcoverstwoclassesofroundcold-drawnsteelspringwirehavingpropertiesandqualityforthemanufactureofmechanicalspringsthatarenotsubjecttohighstressorrequiringhighfatiguepropertiesandwireforms.1.2ThevaluesstatedineitherSIunitsorinch-poundunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemmaynotbeexactequivalents;therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnon-conformancewiththestandard.

2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:2A370TestMethodsandDefinitionsforMechanicalTestingofSteelProducts

A510SpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforWireRodsandCoarseRoundWire,CarbonSteel

A510MSpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforWireRodsandCoarseRoundWire,CarbonSteel[Metric]A700PracticesforPackaging,Marking,andLoadingMethodsforSteelProductsforDomesticShipment

A751TestMethods,Practices,andTerminologyforChemicalAnalysisofSteelProducts

A941TerminologyRelatingtoSteel,StainlessSteel,Re-latedAlloysandFerroalloys

E29PracticeforUsingSignificantDigitsinTestDatatoDetermineConformancewithSpecifications2.2AmericanNationalStandard:

B32.4MPreferredMetricSizesforRound,Square,Rect-angle,andHexagonMetalProducts32.3MilitaryStandard:

MIL-STD-163SteelMillProducts,PreparationforShip-mentandStorage42.4FederalStandard:

Fed.Std.No.123MarkingforShipment(CivilAgencies)42.5AIAGStandard:

AIAGB-502.00PrimaryMetalsIdentificationTagAppli-cationStandard53.Terminology

3.1DefinitionsofTermsSpecifictoThisStandard:

3.1.1Fordefinitionoftermsusedinthisspecification,refertoTerminologyA941.

4.OrderingInformation

4.1Itshallbetheresponsibilityofthepurchasertospecifyallrequirementsthatarenecessaryformaterialunderthisspecification.Suchrequirementmayinclude,butarenotlimitedto,thefollowing:4.1.1Quantity(mass),

4.1.2Nameofmaterial(cold-drawnsteelmechanicalspringwire)andclass(Table1orTable2),

4.1.3Wirediameter(Table1orTable2),4.1.4Packaging(Section15),

4.1.5Castorheatanalysisreport,ifrequested(Section6),4.1.6Certificationortestreport,orboth,ifspecified(Sec-tion14),and

4.1.7ASTMdesignationanddateofissue.

NOTE1—Atypicalorderingdescriptionisasfollows:15000kgCold-DrawnMechanicalSpringWire,ClassI,Size5.00mmin700-kgcoilstoASTMA227Mdated_______,orfornon-SIunits,30000lbCold-DrawnMechanicalSpringWire,ClassI,Size0.207in.diameterin500-lbcoilstoASTMA227dated_______.

ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMcommitteeA01onSteel,StainlessSteel,andRelatedAlloysandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.03onSteelRodandWire.

CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2005.PublishedMay2005.Originallyapprovedin1939.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin1999asA227/A227M–99.2ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandardsvolumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageontheASTMwebsite.3AvailablefromAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI),25W.43rdSt.,4thFloor,NewYork,NY10036.

15.Manufacture

5.1Thesteelmaybemadebyanycommerciallyacceptedsteel-makingprocess.Thesteelmaybeeitheringotcastorstrandcast.

5.2Thefinishedwireshallbefreeofdetrimentalpipeandunduesegregation.

AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700RobbinsAve.,Philadelphia,PA19111-5094,Attn:NPODS.5AvailablefromtheAutomotiveIndustryActionGroup,26200Lahser,Suite200,Southfield,MI48034.

4Copyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.

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A227/A227M–99(2005)

TABLE1TensileRequirements,SIUnitsAClassI

Diameter,Bmm0.500.550.600.650.700.800.901.001.101.201.401.601.802.002.202.502.803.003.504.004.505.005.506.006.507.007.508.009.0010.0011.0012.0014.0016.00

ATABLE2TensileRequirements,Inch-PoundUnitsAClassI

Diameter,in.

TensileStrength,ksimin

0.0200.0230.0260.0290.0320.0350.0410.0480.00.0620.0720.0800.0920.1060.1200.1350.1480.1620.1770.1920.2070.2250.2500.3120.3750.4380.5000.5620.625

AClassII

TensileStrengthMPamin2240222022002180214021002070204020001980193018801840181017801730170016801630160015501510149014701440141013901370..................

max2520250024802460241023702340231022602240218021202080204020101960192019001840170017501700167016501630160015801550..................

ClassIITensileStrength,ksimin3243203163123073022942872802732672622249242238235231226222219215211201194191181177171

max3360356352347342332325316308301296287281273269266261256251247243239227220216205201294

TensileStrength,MPamin19601940192019001870183018001770174017201670101600158015501510148014601420138013501320130012801250122012001190116011301110109010501010

max2240222022002180214021002070204020001980193018801840181017801730170016801630159015501510149014701440141013901370134013101280126012101170

max323319315311306301293286279272266261253248241237234230225221218214210200193190180176170

283279275271266261255248243237232227220216210206203200195192190186182174167165156152147

Tensilestrengthvaluesforintermediatediametersshallbeinterpolated.

TABLE3ChemicalRequirements

Element

CarbonManganese

Phosphorus,maxSulfur,maxSilicon

ABTensilestrengthvaluesforintermediatediametersmaybeinterpolated.BPreferredsizes.Foracompletelist,refertoANSIB32.4M,PreferredMetricSizesforRound,Square,Rectangle,andHexagonMetalProducts.

Composition,%0.45–0.85A0.30–1.30B0.0400.0500.15–0.35

5.3Thewireshallbecolddrawntoproducethedesiredmechanicalproperties.6.ChemicalComposition

6.1ThesteelshallconformtotherequirementsforchemicalcompositionprescribedinTable3.

6.2CastorHeatAnalysis—EachcastorheatofsteelshallbeanalyzedbythemanufacturertodeterminethepercentageofelementsprescribedinTable3.Thisanalysisshallbemadefromatestspecimenpreferablytakenduringthepouringofthecastorheat.Whenrequested,thisshallbereportedtothepurchaserandshallconformtotherequirementsofTable3.6.3ProductAnalysis—Ananalysismaybemadebythepurchaserfromfinishedwirerepresentingeachcastorheatofsteel.Thechemicalcompositionthusdetermined,astoele-mentsrequiredorrestricted,shallconformtotheproductanalysisrequirementsspecifiedinTable10ofSpecificationA510orA510M.

6.4Forrefereepurposes,TestMethods,PracticesandTer-minology,A751shallbeused.7.MechanicalProperties7.1TensionTest:

2

Carboninanyonelotshallnotvarymorethan0.13%.Manganeseinanyonelotshallnotvarymorethan0.30%.

7.1.1Requirements—ThematerialasrepresentedbytensiontestspecimensshallconformtotherequirementsprescribedinTable1orTable2.

7.1.2NumberofTests—Onetestspecimenshallbetakenforeachtencoilsorfractionthereof,inalot.Eachcastorheatinagivenlotshallbetested.

7.1.3LocationofTests—Testspecimensshallbetakenfromeitherendofthecoil.

7.1.4TestMethod—ThetensiontestshallbemadeinaccordancewithTestMethodsandDefinitionsA370.7.2WrapTest:

7.2.1Requirements—Thematerialasrepresentedbythewraptestspecimensshallconformtotherequirementsspeci-fiedinTable4orTable5.Wraptestonwiresover8.5mmor

TABLE4WrapTestRequirements,SIUnits

Diameter,mm

0.50to4.0,inclOver4.0to8.0,incl

AMandrelSize

ClassI1XA2X

ClassII2X4X

For1Xmandrel,wireshallbewrappedonitself.

A227/A227M–99(2005)

TABLE5WrapTestRequirements,Inch-PoundUnits

Diameter,in.

0.020to0.162,incl

Over0.162to0.312,incl

AMandrelSize

ClassI1XA2X

ClassII2X4X

TABLE7PermissibleVariationsinWireDiameter,Inch-Pound

UnitsADiameter,in.

0.020to0.028,incl

Over0.028to0.075,inclOver0.075to0.375,inclOver0.375to0.625,incl

APermissibleVariations,plusand

minus,in.

0.00080.0010.0020.003

PermissibleOut-of-Round,in.

0.00080.0010.0020.003

For1Xmandrel,wireshallbewoundonitself.

0.312in.indiameterisnotapplicable.Sincetheconventionalmethodswillnotaccommodateover8.5mmor0.312in.,analternativetestprocedureshallbeagreeduponbetweenpur-chaserandproducer.

7.2.2NumberofTests—Onetestspecimenshallbetakenforeachtencoils,orfractionthereof,inalot.Eachcastorheatinagivenlotshallbetested.

7.2.3LocationofTest—Testspecimensshallbetakenfromeitherendofthecoil.

7.2.4TestMethod—Thewraptestshallbemadeinaccor-dancewithTestMethodsandDefinitionsA370,SupplementIV.

8.MetallurgicalRequirements8.1SurfaceCondition:

8.1.1Thesurfaceofthewireas-receivedshallbefreeofrust,excessivescale,diemarks,pitsandscratchesdetrimentaltotheendapplication.Seamsshallnotexceed3.5%ofthewirediameteror0.25mm[0.010in.],whicheverisless.

8.1.2LocationofTest—Testspecimensshallbetakenfromeitherorbothendsofthecoil.

9.DimensionsandPermissibleVariations

9.1ThepermissiblevariationsinthediameterofthewireshallbeasspecifiedinTable6orTable7.

10.WorkmanshipandAppearance

10.1Workmanship—Thewireshallnotbekinkedorim-properlycast.Totestforcast,afewconvolutionsofwireshallbecutfromthecoilandplacedonaflatsurface.Thewireshalllieflatonitselfandnotspringupexcessivelynorshowawavycondition.

10.1.1Eachcoilshallbeonecontinuouslengthofwire,properlycoiledandfirmlytied.Weldsmadepriortocolddrawingarepermitted.

11.Retests

11.1Ifanytestspecimenexhibitsobviousdefectsorshowsthepresenceofaweld,itshallbediscardedandanotherspecimensubstituted.

TABLE6PermissibleVariationsinWireDiameter,SIUnitsADiameter,mm

PermissibleVariations,plusandminus,

mm

0.020.030.050.08

Forpurposesofdeterminingconformancewiththisspecification,allspecifiedlimitsareabsoluteasdefinedinPracticeE29.

12.Inspection

12.1Unlessotherwisespecifiedinthecontractorpurchaseorder,themanufacturerisresponsiblefortheperformanceofallinspectionandtestrequirementsspecifiedinthisspecifica-tion.Exceptasotherwisespecifiedinthecontractorpurchaseorder,themanufacturermayusehisownoranyothersuitablefacilitiesfortheperformanceoftheinspectionandtestrequirementsunlessdisapprovedbythepurchaseratthetimetheorderisplaced.Thepurchasershallhavetherighttoperformanyoftheinspectionsandtestssetforthinthisspecificationwhensuchinspectionsandtestsaredeemednecessarytoassurethatthematerialconformstoprescribedrequirements.

13.RejectionandRehearing

13.1Unlessotherwisespecified,anyrejectionbasedontestsmadeinaccordancewiththisspecificationshallbereportedtothemanufacturerassoonaspossiblesothataninvestigationmaybeinitiated.

13.2Thematerialshallbeadequatelyprotectedandcor-rectlyidentifiedinorderthatthemanufacturermaymakeaproperinvestigation.

14.Certification

14.1Whenspecifiedinthepurchaseorderorcontract,amanufacturer’sorsupplier’scertificationshallbefurnishedtothepurchaserthatthematerialwasmanufactured,sampled,tested,andinspectedinaccordancewiththisspecificationandhasbeenfoundtomeettherequirements.Whenspecifiedinthepurchaseorderorcontract,areportofthetestresultsshallbefurnished.

14.2Thecertificationshallincludethespecificationnum-ber,yeardateofissue,andrevisionletter,ifany.

15.Packaging,Marking,andLoadingforShipment

15.1Thecoilmass,dimensions,andthemethodofpackag-ingshallbeagreeduponbetweenthemanufacturerandpurchaser.

15.2Atagshallbesecurelyattachedtoeachcoilofwirewithidentifyinginformationasagreeduponbythepurchaserandmanufacturer.

15.3Unlessotherwisespecifiedinthepurchaser’sorder,packaging,marking,andloadingforshipmentsshallbeinaccordancewiththoseproceduresrecommendedbyPracticesA700.

15.4ForGovernmentProcurement—Packaging,packing,andmarkingofmaterialformilitaryprocurementshallbeinaccordancewiththerequirementsofMIL-STD-163,LevelA,

3

PermissibleOut-of

Round,mm

0.020.030.050.08

To0.70,incl

Over0.70to2.00,inclOver2.00to9.00,inclOver9.00

AForpurposesofdeterminingconformancewiththisspecification,allspecifiedlimitsareabsoluteasdefinedinPracticeE29.

A227/A227M–99(2005)

LevelC,orcommercialasspecifiedinthecontractorpurchaseorder.MarkingforshipmentofmaterialforcivilagenciesshallbeinaccordancewithFed.Std.No.123.

15.5BarCoding—Inadditiontothepreviouslystatedidentificationrequirements,barcodingisacceptableasasupplementaryidentificationmethod.Barcodingshouldbe

consistentwithAIAGStandard02.00,PrimaryMetalsIdenti-ficationTagApplication.Thebarcodemaybeappliedtoasubstantiallyaffixedtag.16.Keywords

16.1cold-drawn;springs;wire

ASTMInternationaltakesnopositionrespectingthevalidityofanypatentrightsassertedinconnectionwithanyitemmentionedinthisstandard.Usersofthisstandardareexpresslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuchpatentrights,andtheriskofinfringementofsuchrights,areentirelytheirownresponsibility.

Thisstandardissubjecttorevisionatanytimebytheresponsibletechnicalcommitteeandmustbereviewedeveryfiveyearsandifnotrevised,eitherreapprovedorwithdrawn.YourcommentsareinvitedeitherforrevisionofthisstandardorforadditionalstandardsandshouldbeaddressedtoASTMInternationalHeadquarters.Yourcommentswillreceivecarefulconsiderationatameetingoftheresponsibletechnicalcommittee,whichyoumayattend.IfyoufeelthatyourcommentshavenotreceivedafairhearingyoushouldmakeyourviewsknowntotheASTMCommitteeonStandards,attheaddressshownbelow.

ThisstandardiscopyrightedbyASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.Individualreprints(singleormultiplecopies)ofthisstandardmaybeobtainedbycontactingASTMattheaboveaddressorat610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),orservice@astm.org(e-mail);orthroughtheASTMwebsite(www.astm.org).

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