2022年12月大学英语六级考试真题及答案(第3套)

PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)特殊说明：由于多题多卷，官方第三套真题的听力试题与第二套真题的一致，只是选项顺序不同，因此，本套试卷不再提供听力部分。

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Americancollegesanduniversitiesareusingpercentlesscoalthantheydidadecadeago,burning700,000tonslastyear,downfrom2milliontonsin2008,theU.S.EnergyInformationAdministration(EIA)saidinareport26yesterday.

All57schoolsthatwereburningcoalin2008areusinglessnow,and20have27coalcompletely,EIAfound.

Mostuniversitieshaveturnedtonaturalgasasa28,withstatefundingbackingthefuelswitch.

Whileacademicinstitutionsuselessthan0.1percentofU.S.coalburnedforpower,campuscoalusehasahistorydatingbacktothe1800swhen29topowerwasscarce.

Manyuniversitiesstilloperatetheirownpowerplants.ThePublicUtilityRegulatoryPoliciesActof1978encouragedmoreelectricitygenerationbyallowinginstitutionstosell30powertoutilities.

ButEIAnotedmanycoal-fireduniversitieshavesignedontotheAmericanCollegeandUniversityPresidentsClimateCommitment,whichwaslaunchedin2007.

About665schoolsarepartoftheprogram,whichaimsto31greenhousegasemissions.Thirtypercentoftheparticipantshavepledgedtobecarbon32within20years.

TheSierraClub’sBeyondCoalcampaign,whichalsoleadscampaignsforuniversitiestowithdrawtheir33incoalandotherfossilfuels,lists22schoolsthathavepledgedtomove“beyondcoal,”including

ClemsonUniversity,IndianaUniversity,OhioUniversity,PennStateUniversity,theUniversityofLouisvilleandtheUniversityofTennessee,Knoxville.

Thelargestcoaluse34atcollegeswereinMichigan,Missouri,TennesseeandIndiana.Indiana’suniversitiesalonecutcoal35by81percentbetween2008and2015.

Duringthesameperiod,Michiganmadean80percentcutandTennesseecutbackby94percentatstateinstitutions.A)abandonedB)accessC)consumptionD)contriveE)duplications

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.

F)investmentsG)mobilizedH)negligentI)neutralJ)reductions

K)releasedL)replacementM)slashN)surplusO)void

Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

Classicalmusicaimstoevolve,buildaudienceswithoutalienatingoldguard

A)In1913,classicalmusicsparkedariotinParis.IgorStravinskywasintroducinghisrevolutionary“RiteofSpring”ballettotheworld,withitsdiscordantmelodiesandunorthodoxchoreography(编舞),andthepuristsinthecrowdexpressedtheirdisapprovalloudandclear.Itmighthavebeenclassicalmusic’sversionofthetimeBobDylanwentelectricattheNewportFolkFestival.“Thenoise,fighting,andshoutingintheaudiencegotsoloud,”NPR’smusicreporterMilesHoffffmansaidoftheStravinskydebut,“thatthechoreographerhadtoshoutoutthenumberstothedancerssothattheyknewwhattheyweresupposedtodo.”

B)It’sdifficulttoimagineasimilardisturbanceoccurringtodaywithinAmerica’ssacredsymphonyhalls.Infact,it’shardtopictureanykindofdisruptiveactivityatall(unlesssomeone’scellphonehappenstogooffandthenyou’dbetterwatchyourback).Amannerlyaura(氛围)hangsovermostclassicalproceedings,andmanyofthegenre’sbiggestsupporterswouldhaveitnootherway.

C)Today,Westernaudiencesforclassicalmusicandoperaandballetarealmostalwayswelldressed,older,respectful,achinglysilentandoftenverywealthy(onehastobeabletoaffordmosttickets).ButasmanyofAmerica’smoststoried“highbrow”(高雅的)

institutionsstrugglefinancially—thePhiladelphiaOrchestra’smuch-publicizedreboundfrombankruptcyisjustonerecentexample—classicalmusicfansandtheoristsarewonderinghowthemediumcanweaveitselfintothe21stcentury’sculturalfabricwithoutsacrificingitsintegrity.

D)Forexample,shouldwefeelOK“clapping”duringclassicalmusicevents,evenifnobodyelseis?Whyshouldn’twecheerforsomethinggreat,likewedoatarockconcert?TheHuffingtonPostrecentlyranaGreatDebateonthisissueandmanycommenterscameoutonthesideofsilence.“Thereisnomorerewardingexperienceinlifethanbeingpartofanaudiencewhereeverybodyisleaningforwardinsilence,thoroughlycarriedawaybyagreatperformanceofamasterpiece,”onecommenterwrote.“Whyisitsodifficultforfolkstodevelopanappreciationandunderstandingforthemannerismsandtraditionsofclassicalmusic?”askedanother.

E)Thetruthisthatclassicalmusicaudiencesweren’talwayssopolite.RobertGreenberg,anaward-winningcomposer,saidthatwhenBeethovenfirstperformedhis7thSymphony,audiencesforcedtheorchestratoperformencores(重演)ofcertainmovementsimmediately,applaudingwildly.Andinthelastfewdecades,hesaid,manyaudiencesatoperaperformanceshaveabandonedpretenses,yelling“Bravo”whentheyfeellikeit.F)“Idon’tthinkthere’sanythingwrongwithanaudienceshowingtheirenthusiasmforapropermomentbyapplauding,showingtheirjoy,”Greenbergsaid,notingthatthestuffinessinconcerthallsis“oneaspectofcontemporaryconcertetiquette”hedoesn’tunderstand.“Insteadofwaitinghalfanhourtoshowenthusiasm,whynotshowiteveryeightornineminutes?”

G)Untiltherulesaboutbehaviorandclothingchange,it’shardtoimaginemultitudesofyoungpeoplefillingconcerthallsontheirownaccord.They’reprobablymorelikelytoheadtoCentralParktowatchafreeperformancewithabottleofwineandtheirfriends.“Ithinkanyoneshouldbeabletocomeintoaperformancedressedanywaytheylike,andbecomfortableanywaytheylike,sittinginthatseatreadytoenjoythemselves,”Greenbergsaid.“Becauseit’senjoyable.”

H)Greenbergstressedthathedoesn’twantpeopletostartrespectingthemusicless,andhe’snotsuggestingthatwe“dumbdown”theexperience.Rather,it’saboutopeningup“access.”Whenoperasfirstinstitutedsubtitles(字幕)duringshows,hesaid,manypuristsdidn’tliketheidea,believingthattheaudienceshouldinsteadstudytheworksbeforeattending.Butnowit’scommonplacetofindtitlesontheseatbackinfrontofyou—choosealanguage,sitback,andunderstandwhat’sgoingon.

I)AllisonVulgamore,presidentofthePhiladelphiaOrchestra,iscertainlylookingtothefuture.Shesayscertain“classicsconcerts”dedicatedtotheoldmasterswillalwaysexist,butnoteveryprogramhastofeatureBeethovenandBrahms—orevenastageandseats.“We’retryingtointroducedifferentkindsofconcertsindifferentways,”shesaid.“Weareaninteractivesocietynow,wherepeopleliketolearn.”

J)AsthePhiladelphiaOrchestrareboundsfromitsfinancialstraits,itisalsoaimingtoexperiment,withoutalienatingtheloyalists.VulgamorepointedtoCirquedelaSymphonie,arecentofferinginwhichjugglers(玩杂耍的人)andacrobats(杂技演员)interactedwithmusicians.AnupcomingcollaborationwithNewYorkCity’sRidge

Theatre,meanwhile,willfeaturea“suspendeddanceinstallation”andothertheatricalelementsoccurringinconjunctionwithanorchestralpiece.

K)Theorchestraalsocontinuestooffer$25annualmembershipstoPhiladelphiastudents,whocanbuyrushticketstoeveryconcertontheschedule.“Studentslineupfortheconcertstheywant,andwegetroughly300or350kidsanightcomingtothese.Theytakeanyoftheopenseatsavailable,5minutesbeforetheconcertstarts,”Vulgamoresaid.“It’sliketherunningofthebulls,thatenergywhenthedoorsopen.”

L)Greenbergthinksthatyouthfulenergyneedstobeharvested.Conductorsdon’thavetobearrogantanduntouchable—theycanbeaccessible.Perhapstherecouldevenbea“bitofhumor”aboutthem,hesuggested,andanabandoningofpretensionwithinthehigh-artinstitutionsthemselves.“Ononehand,theseorganizationsareallsayingthesamething:wewantmoregeneralaudiences,tobreakdownculturalbarriers,”hesaid.“Butthentheycomeupwithsomeverysnooty(目中无人的)thingthatmakesyoucrazy.”

M)JohnTerauds,acriticwhohascoveredToronto’sclassicalmusicsceneextensively,alsowantstodoawaywiththestuffiness.Hesuggestedthatthewarmeranaudienceis,thebetterthemusiciansthemselveswillrespond.“Buttheproducerororganizerhastoleteveryoneknowit’sOK,”hesaid.“It’sOKtoenjoyyourself.”AttheTorontoSymphonyOrchestra,forexample,conductorPeterOundjianoftenstopsbetweenpieces,takingamomenttotalkaboutthecomposerorthemusicinaveryamiableway.Andsomenights,Teraudssaid,“atleastathird”oftheaudienceconsistsofstudentswhohavepurchasedcheapertickets.Onthesenights,theenergyoftheroomdrasticallyshifts.Itbecomesalessintimidatingplace.

N)BackinFebruary,Teraudswroteonhisblogabouthowgoingtoclassicalperformancescanbeintimidating.Certainpeople“thinktheyhavetodressup,”hewrote.“Theythinktheyhavetoknowsomethingaboutthemusicbeforetheygo.And,I’msure,sittinginaseat,tremblinginfearthatthismightbethewrongtimetoapplaud,isalsooneofthefactors.”

O)Everyoneintheclassicalworldagreesontheneedforincreased“accessibility,”butachievingitisofteneasiersaidthandone.Nowadays,thereareunknown,unorthodoxoperasingerswowing(博得……的喝彩)viewersonTVprogramslike“America’sGotTalent”and“TheVoice”.Whatcanhigherinstitutionsdowithanyofthat?Andiftheyappealtotheseoutlets,dotheyriskcompromisingtheintegrityortheintelligenceofthemusic?

P)Vulgamoreseemstounderstandthis.Shethinksanorganizationcanhaveitbothways,claimingthenewwhilekeepingtheold.AndasshereorganizesthePhiladelphiaOrchestra,shewillattempttodojustthat.“Theworld’smostrespectedmusiciansbroughttogetherasanorchestrawillalwaysexist,”shesaid.“Butit’sessentialthatwebewillingtoexperimentandfail.”36.Itwasnotarareoccurrencethataudiencesbehavedwildlywhilelisteningtoclassicalmusic.

37.Somehigh-artinstitutionsdon’tactuallymeanitwhentheysaytheywantmoregeneralaudiences.

38.ThetheatrewasinchaoswhenanunconventionalballetwasfirstputonstageinthecapitalofFrance.

39.Accordingtoonecritic,theaudience’swarmresponsewouldencouragethemusicianstodoabetterjob.

40.Manycommentersarguedfortheaudienceenjoyingclassicalmusicquietly.

41.Whatappearsontheseatbackscreenmakesitunnecessaryfortheaudiencetostudytheworksbeforehand.

42.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatthereshouldbenodisturbancefromtheaudienceduringclassicalmusicperformance.

43.Higherinstitutionswillbeconcernedaboutcompromisingtheintegrityofclassicalmusiciftheyhavetoresorttothetelevisionmedium.

44.Heavilydiscountedrushticketshelpattractmanyyoungstudentstoattendclassicalconcerts.

45.Theformalitiesofhigh-arttheatrescanintimidatesomepeopleattendingaperformance.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions

orunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Howcanonepersonenjoygoodhealth,whileanotherpersonlooksoldbeforehertime?Humanshavebeenaskingthisquestionforthousandsofyears,andrecently,it’sbecomingclearerandclearertoscientiststhatthedifferencesbetweenpeople’sratesofaginglieinthecomplexinteractionsamonggenes,socialrelationships,environmentsandlifestyles.Eventhoughyouwerebornwithaparticularsetofgenes,thewayyoulivecaninfluencehowtheyexpressthemselves.Somelifestylefactorsmayeventurngenesonorshutthemoff.

Deepwithinthegeneticheartofallourcellsaretelomeres,orrepeatingsegmentsofnoncodingDNAthatliveattheendsofthechromosomes(染色体).Theyformcapsattheendsofthechromosomesandkeepthegeneticmaterialtogether.Shorteningwitheachcelldivision,theyhelpdeterminehowfastacellages.Whentheybecometooshort,thecellstopsdividingaltogether.Thisisn’ttheonlyreasonacellcanage—thereareotherstressesoncellswedon’tyetunderstandverywell—butshorttelomeresareoneofthemajorreasonshumancellsgrowold.We’vedevotedmostofourcareerstostudyingtelomeres,andoneextraordinarydiscoveryfromourlabsisthattelomerescanactuallylengthen.

Scientistshavelearnedthatseveralthoughtpatternsappeartobeunhealthyfortelomeres,andoneofthemiscynicalhostility.Cynicalhostilityisdefinedbyhighangerandfrequentthoughtsthatotherpeoplecannotbetrusted.Someonewithhostilitydoesn’tjustthink,“Ihatetostandinlonglines”;theythink,“Othersdeliberatelyspedupandbeatmetomyrightfulpositionintheline!”—andthengetviolentlyagitated.Peoplewhoscorehighonmeasuresofcynicalhostilitytendtogetmoreheartdisease,metabolicdiseaseandoftendieatyoungerages.Theyalsohaveshortertelomeres.InastudyofBritishcivilservants,menwhoscored

highonmeasuresofcynicalhostilityhadshortertelomeresthanmenwhosehostilityscoreswerelow.Themosthostilemenwere30%morelikelytohaveshorttelomeres.

Whatthismeans:agingisadynamicprocessthatcouldpossiblybeacceleratedorslowed—and,insomeaspects,evenreversed.Toanextent,ithassurprisedusandtherestofthescientificcommunitythattelomeresdonotsimplycarryoutthecommandsissuedbyyourgeneticcode.Yourtelomeresarelisteningtoyou.Thefoodsyoueat,yourresponsetochallenges,theamountofexerciseyouget,andmanyotherfactorsappeartoinfluenceyourtelomeresandcanpreventprematureagingatthecellularlevel.Oneofthekeystoenjoyinggoodhealthissimplydoingyourparttofosterhealthycellrenewal.

46.Whathavescientistscometoknowbettertoday?A)Whypeopleageatdifferentrates.

B)Howgenesinfluencetheagingprocess.

C)Howvariousgenesexpressthemselvesinaging.D)Whypeoplehavelongbeenconcernedaboutaging.

47.Whyaresomelifestylefactorsconsideredextremelyimportant?A)Theymayshortentheprocessofcelldivision.B)Theymaydeterminehowgenesfunction.C)Theymayaffectthelifespanoftelomeres.D)Theymayaccountforthestressesoncells.

48.Whathavetheauthorandhiscolleaguesdiscoveredabouttelomeres?A)Theirnumberaffectsthegrowthofcells.B)Theirlengthdeterminesthequalityoflife.C)Theirshorteningprocesscanbereversed.D)Theirhealthimpactsthedivisionofcells.

49.Whathavescientistslearnedaboutcynicalhostility?A)Itmayleadtoconfrontationalthoughtpatterns.B)Itmayproduceanadverseeffectontelomeres.C)Itmaycausepeopletolosetheirtemperfrequently.D)Itmaystirupagitationamongthoseinlonglines.

50.Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraphabouttheprocessofaging?A)Itmayvaryfromindividualtoindividual.B)Itchallengesscientiststoexplorefurther.C)Itdependsonone’sgeneticcode.D)Itmaybecontrolledtoadegree.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Scientistshavecreatedbyaccidentanenzyme(酶)thatbreaksdownplasticdrinksbottles.Thebreakthroughcouldhelpsolvetheglobalplasticpollutioncrisisbyenablingforthefirsttimethefullrecyclingofbottles.

Thenewresearchwasspurredbythediscoveryin2016ofthefirstbacteriumthathadnaturallyevolvedtoeatplasticatawastedumpinJapan.Scientistshavenowrevealedthedetailedstructureofthecrucialenzymeproducedbythebug.

Aninternationalteamthenadjustedtheenzymetoseehowithadevolved,buttestsshowedtheyhadaccidentallymadethemoleculeevenbetteratbreakingdowntheplasticusedfordrinksbottles.“Whatactuallyturnedoutwasweimprovedtheenzyme,whichwasabitofashock,”saidheadresearcherProf.McGeehan,attheUniversityofPortsmouth,UK.

Currently,theenzymetakesafewdaystostartbreakingdowntheplastic,farfasterthanthecenturiesittakesintheoceans,buttheresearchersareoptimisticthiscanbespeededupevenfurtherandbecomeaviablelarge-scaleprocess.

“Whatwearehopingtodoisusethisenzymetoturnthisplasticbackintoitsoriginalcomponents,sowecanliterallyrecycleitbacktoplastic,”saidMcGeehan.“Itmeanswewon’tneedtodigupanymoreoiland,fundamentally,itshouldreducetheamountofplasticintheenvironment.”

About1millionplasticbottlesaresoldeachminutearoundtheglobeand,withjust14%recycled,manyendupintheoceanswheretheyhavepollutedeventheremotestparts,harmingmarinelifeandpotentiallypeoplewhoeatseafood.“Plasticisincrediblyresistanttodegradation,”saidMcGeehan.“Itisoneofthesewondermaterialsthathasbeenmadealittlebittoowell.”

Currentlythosebottlesthatarerecycledcanonlybeturnedintoopaquefibresforclothingorcarpets,whilethenewenzymeindicatesawaytorecycleoldclearplasticbottlesbackintonewclearplasticbottle.

“Youarealwaysupagainstthefactthatoilischeap,soplasticischeap,”saidMcGeehan.“Itissoeasyformanufacturerstogeneratemoreofthatstuff,ratherthaneventrytorecycle,butIbelievethereisapublicinteresthere:perceptionischangingsomuchthatcompaniesarestartingtolookathowtheycanproperlyrecyclethesebottles.”

Prof.AdisaAzapagic,attheUniversityofManchesterintheUK,agreedtheenzymecouldbeusefulbutadded:“Afulllife-cycleassessmentwouldbeneededtoensurethatthetechnologydoesnotsolveoneenvironmentalproblem—waste—attheexpenseofothers,includingadditionalgreenhousegasemissions.”

51.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutanenzymescientistshavecreated?A)Itwasidentifiedduringalabexperimentaccident.B)Itmaymakefullrecyclingofplasticbottlesareality.C)Itwasabreakthroughmadewithpersistentefforts.D)Itmayinitiatearadicalreforminplasticindustry.

52.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutthebugthatproducestheimportantenzyme?A)Ithasanaturalabilitytoconsumeplastics.B)Itisabacteriumthatreproducesatahighrate.C)Itisessentialtotherecyclingofplasticbottles.D)Ithasachemicalstructureunknowntoscientists.

53.Byadjustingtheenzymeproducedbythebug,thescientists______.A)madeitmoreeffectivebychanceB)discoveredanextraordinarychemical

C)altereditsbasicmolecularcompositionD)founditsevolutionaryprocessspedup

.WhatdoesProf.McGeehansayabouttherecyclingofplasticbottles?A)Manufacturersareimplementingitonanincreasinglylargerscale.B)Itgenerateshugebusinessopportunitiesforplasticmanufacturers.C)Ithasarousedpersistentinterestamongthegeneralpublic.D)Manufacturersarebeginningtoexplorewaysofdoingit.

55.WhatisProf.AdisaAzapagic’sadviceconcerningtheapplicationoftheenzyme?A)Developingtechnologiestoaddressgreenhousegasemissions.B)Consideringtheextracostinvolvedinproducingtheenzyme.C)Assessingitspossiblenegativeimpactontheenvironment.D)Studyingthefulllifecycleoftheenzymeasthefirststep.

PartIV

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.

Translation(30minutes)

黄土高原（theLoessPlateau）是中国第三大高原，面积约60万平方公里，平均海拔1000-2000米，绝大部分覆盖着50-80米厚的黄土，是世界上黄土分布最集中、覆盖厚度最大的区域。这是大自然创造的一个奇迹，在世界上也是绝无仅有的。

黄土高原是中华民族的发祥地之一。早在5500年前，人们就已经在黄土高原上开始农耕。随着农耕业的持续发展，黄土高原人口不断增加，在秦汉时期就成为中国的政治和经济中心。如今，随着西部大开发战略的实施，黄土高原地区的经济得到了迅速发展。

2022年12月六级考试真题答案速查（第3套）PartIWriting参考范文：

Withtheapplicationofinformationtechnologyineducation,collegestudentscannowlearninmorediverseandefficientways.Inrecentyears,informationtechnologychangeswitheachpassingdayandgraduallyintegratesintoallaspectsofourdailylife.

Atthesametime,moreandmorepeoplebegintorealizethatinformationtechnologyplaysakeyroleineducation.Inmyopinion,itsadvantagesaremainlyreflectedinthefollowingaspects.Firstly,applyinginformationtechnologytoeducationmakesupformanyshortcomingsoftraditionaleducation.Forexample,comparedwithtraditionaleducation,networkedinformationtechnologycanprovideavirtualteachingenvironmentandgoodteachingmanagementfunctions,whichbringsvitalitytomodernteaching.Secondly,moderninformationtechnologyprovidesabroaderteachingspace,sothatteachingresourcescanbesharedinrealtime,andplaysabetterroleinprovidinglearningresourcesforstudentsandassistingthemtosolvelearningdifficulties.Finally,withthehelpofvariousinformationtools,studentsareexpectedtobemoreautonomousandenthusiastic.

Inbrief,theimportanceofinformationtechnologyineducationcannotbeoveremphasized.PartⅢReadingComprehension26K39M52C

27A40D53A

28L41HD

29B42B55C

30N43O

31M44K

32I45N

33F46A

34J47B

35C48C

36E49B

37L50D

38A51B

PartⅣTranslation参考译文：

TheLoessPlateauisthethirdlargestplateauofChina,whichcoversanareaof600,000squarekilometerswithanaveragealtitudeof1,000-2,000meters.Themajorityoftheplateauiscoveredwithloessof50-80-meterthicknessanditisthemostconcentratedareainloessdistributionandthelargestareaincoveringdepthintheworld.Itisamiraclecreatedbythenatureandtheoneandonlyonearth.TheLoessPlateauisoneofthebirthplacesoftheChinesenation.PeoplebegantofarmonTheLoessPlateauasearlyas5,500yearsago.Withtheconsistentdevelopmentofthefarmingindustry,thepopulationonTheLoessPlateauincreasedcontinuously,makingitthepoliticalandeconomiccenterofChinaintheQin-HanDynasty.Nowadays,withtheimplementofthestrategyofChinaWesternDevelopment,theeconomyoftheLoessPlateauareahasdevelopedrapidly.