关系代词引导的定语从句教案

教学过程

一、 课堂导入

给出一个简单的定语从句，分析主句和从句。

The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 1. 定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。

2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3. 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

二、复习预习

把两个单句改成定语从句：

Beckham is a football player. He is handsome. Beckham is a football player, who is handsome.

The house is mine. Its roof is brown. The house whose roof is brown is mine.

三、知识讲解

知识点1：定语从句的分类： 1. 【考查点】限制性定语从句。

I will never forget the days（that/which）I spent in Beijing. This is the boy (whom /who) you saw yesterday. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. A thing which/that was bitter to endure may be sweet to remember.

2.【考查点】非限制性定语从句。

She was becoming fat, which bothered her very much. My mum prefers music, which is quiet and gentle. This is the woman, the daughter of whom is a nurse. This is the house, the windows of which face south.

知识点2：关系代词的作用。

关系代词 在从句中的成分 所指代的先行词 who whom which that whose 主语/宾语 指人 宾语 主语/宾语 主语/宾语 定语（某…的） 指物/事 指物/事 指人；指物/事 指人 不可省略 关系代词在从句中做宾语时，可以省略。 省略 在限制性定语从句中，

知识点3：that和which的用法区别。 1. 【考查点】只用that不用which的情况：

1）当先行词是不定代词all, everything, anything, something, much, little, few, none, the one等时 We should do all that is useful to the people.

2）当先行词被the only, the very(正好，恰恰), the last等修饰时； It is the only thing that we can do.

3）当先行词是序数词或被序数词the first /second /third…所修饰时； This is the first place that I want to visit.

4）当先行词是形容词最高级或者被形容词最高级所修饰时； This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.

5）当先行词同时指人和事/物时；

We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in.

2. 【考查点】只用which不用that的情况：

1）介词后，只用which

This is a house in which Luxun once lived. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.

2)非限制性定语从句中，从句中缺主语或宾语时。

By 16：30, which as almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.

When deeply absorbed in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.

知识点4：who, whom和whose的用法：

1. 【考查点】who指人 主语/宾语 whom 指人 宾语 whose 指人/物 定语

He who laughs last laughs best. This is the boy (whom /who) you saw yesterday. Mary is the girl whose father is an engineer.

2. 【考查点】

whose+名词=of whom+the +名词=the+名词+of whom（指人） whose+名词=of which+the+名词=the+名词+of which （指物） This is the house whose window broke last night. = This is the house, the window of which broke last night. = This is the house, of which the window broke last night.

四、例题精析

【例题1】

After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive.

A. which B. who C. where D. what

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。

句意：洪灾过后，那个地区的人们饱受苦难，他们迫切需要饮用水、药品和栖息之所。

【例题2】

It is the third time that she has won the race, ________ has surprised us all. A．that

B．where

C．which

【答案】C

D．what

【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词辨析。

句意： 这是她第三次赢得比赛，这使我们都很惊讶。

【例题3】

Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series. A. them B. that C. which D. what

【答案】C

【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词辨析. 句意：Maria写了两部小说，都被拍成了电视剧。

【例题4】

Among the many dangers ________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog. A. which B. what C. where D. when

【答案】A

【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词辨析。

句意：在水手们必须面对的许多危险中，也许最大的是雾。

五、课堂运用

【基础】

1．Please send us all the information ________ you have about the candidate for the position. A. that B. which C. as D. what

【答案】A

【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词辨析。

句意：请发送给我关于这个职位的候选人所有信息。

2．Until now, we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children, ________ is quite unexpected.

A．that B．which C．who D．it

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。

句意：到现在为止，我们已经为那些贫穷的孩子们筹集到了50 000英镑，这是完全没有预料到的。

3．That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. What

【答案】C

【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词辨析。

句意：那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。

【巩固】

4．After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，____ turned out to be a wise decision. A．that B．which C．when D．where

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。

句意：大学毕业后，我们休假一段时间去旅游，这结果证明是一个明智的决定。

5. The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. A. where B. which C. its D. whose

【答案】D

【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词辨析。 句意：那座屋顶被毁坏的旧庙正在维修。

6. I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词辨析。 句意：我拒绝接受因为别人对我的责备。

【拔高】

7．Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. A. what B. whose C. which D. that

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词辨析。

句意：不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的孩子们会很快发胖。

8．In china, the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world. A. where

【答案】C

【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词辨析。

句意：在中国，城市的数量在增加，城市的发展被全世界意识到。

B. which

C. whose

D. that

9．The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city. 【答案】A

【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词辨析。

句意：这里居住着将近1000人，他们中的许多人都背井离乡去城市追求更好的生活。 A．whom B．which

C．them

D．those

课程小结

本节课主要围绕定语从句的概念及关系代词的（that, which, who, whom, whose）的基本用法进行讲解。 要求学生学会正确分析主句和从句的成分，并选出正确的关系词。此外，最好能把定语从句的基本用法和作文相结合来进行训练，为作文打好基础。

同学在做题时要认真分析题目，灵活地运用所学的语法知识。