高二英语几种常见时态重点解析-精选学习文档

高二英语几种常见时态重点解析

时态（tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式，因此，当我们说一个英语句子时态结构的时候，指的就是相应时态下的谓语动词形式。英语时态主要包括下列9种：一般现在时, 一般过去时, 一般将来时, 现在完成时, 过去完成时, 将来完成时，现在进行时，过去进行时，将来进行时。

一．一般现在时与一般过去时

很多同学一看见“often”“every day”就毫不犹豫的选填一般现在时，去忽略了上下文。别忘了一般过去时除了表示“在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态”还可以表示“在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作”。例如：

When I was a child, I often played football in the street. They lived far away from their school so they had to get up at 5:30 every day and

then ran to school . 二．现在完成时与一般过去时

1. 现在完成时与一般过去时都可以表示过去发生的动作。但是，一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作，一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用（yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just，now等，）；而现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。换句话说，句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。例如：

I saw this film yesterday. （表示过去发生过了某动作。） I have seen this film. （不表明什么时候发生，强调对现在的影响.）

Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. (汤姆昨天晚上给他父母写了一封信。)

2. 当与表示时间段的状语连用时，过去时表示过去某个时间段存在的状态或发生的动作；现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，在肯定句中动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know；如果与非延续性动词连用，多用于否定句中。例如：

He studied French for 2 years while in university . Who hasn’t handed in his paper?

He has been a League member for three years. 比较：He has smoked for about 10 years .

He smoked for 10 years and then gave up after he had a serious illness .

三．过去完成时

1. 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在后，用一般过去时，发生在先，用过去完

成时；也就是常说的“过去之过去”。例如：

When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. I had hardly opened the door when he hit me.

2.用在表示意向的动词中，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本…，未能…”。例如：

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn’t. （那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有来。） He had meant to come to your birthday party. （他原本打算来参加你的生日聚会的。）

注意：如果几个动作按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。例如：When she saw the mouse，she screamed. （她看到老鼠，就叫了起来。）My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. （姑妈给了我一顶帽子，我把它丢了。）四．一般过去时与过去进行时的区别

1. 过去进行时表示动作的未完成性、持续性，着眼于动作的过程；一般过去时表示动作

的完成，即动作发生过，且已结束，着眼于结果。例如：

a). She was writing a report last night and I don’t know if she has finished it.

（含义：表示昨晚一直在写） b). She wrote a report last night. （含义：表示昨晚写了，并且写好了）

2. be always doing 意思是“总是，老是”，带有一定的感情色彩。例如：

He was always throwing things about. （含义：表示不满或讨厌）

五．关于时态的特殊用法

1.在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。例如：

The train is leaving soon. I am coming.

2. 如果主句是将来时或表示将来含义时，条件，时间或让步状语从句多用一般现在时When I grow up, I will be a nurse and look after patients.

If it rains tomorrow we will have to stay at home .

3. “It’s (high) time+从句”，用过去时或should do，注意should不能省略。例如：

It's (high) time that we went home. = It's (high) time that we should go home.

（我们该回家了。）

4. “would rather+从句”，用一般过去时或过去完成时。例如： It’s getting late. I’d rather you took a taxi. （天晚了，我倒希望你打一辆车。）

The film was boring. I’d rather I hadn’t gone to see it. （电影真无聊，真希望没去看。）

即时训练：用所给单词的正确形式填空（不超过三个单词） 1．Listen! Some of the girls_______________( talk) about the V

oice of China．Let’s join them!

http://www..com/doc/4d116582.html,st Friday afternoon the young man____________ (hurt) in the traffic accident

3. --Is everybody here?

--No，sir．Jim ______________ (not arrive) yet．He is still on the way．

4. It’s a fact that the elderly _____________ (take) good care of in the home of the elderly．

5. Jack said he __________________ (return) the two books to the library in a week．

6. I hear his new novel ______________ (come) out in October next year ．

7. The sports meeting ______________ (hold) in our school in November every year．

8. I really don’t know when he____________(wake) up and went out ．

9. This kind of food must _______________(keep) in a fridge or it will goes sour .

10.--Excuse me，may I borrow your dictionary? --Sorry，I______________(use) it．

11.--Why did the policeman stop your car?

--I__________________(make) a call at that moment．What a bad day !

12. China ________________ (send) 10 people into out space so far

13.Don’t worry about your boy too much．His temperature____________ (drop) back to normal if he takes this medicine as told to ．

14. I think we need ten more minutes before the problem ( work) out．

15. ---Our teacher speaks English fluently!

- --Yeah，she _____ ( study) English in Oxford University for four years!

16It's seven o'clock now；little Tom should be up，because he ____ (sleep)for nine hours.

17. ---Have you met Mr. Li?

---Yes. When I arrived，he _____ (leave) for Shanghai to attend a national conference.

18. Most rivers in this area have been polluted . It is time our government ________(take) measures to stop it.

19. I asked him to finish his papers but he said he ___________( hand) them in and he got an A.

20. The new model of the mobile ___________ (sell) out yesterday．

用所给动词的正确形式填空，使文章完整且有意义。

I___________(receive) a letter from my sister yesterday. She___________( live )in Canada. In her letter, she_________(say) that she __________ (come) back to China next year. If she _________(come), she ___________( get ) a surprise. We are now living in a beautiful new house in the country. Work on it __________(begin)

before

she____________(leave)

.

The

house________________(complete)five months ago. In my letter, I ____________(tell) her that she could stay with us. The house __________(have) many large rooms and there is a lovely garden. It is a very modern house, so it ___________(look) strange to some people. It must be the most modern house in the district.

本节内容学习体会：

____________________________________________________________________________ Module one 时态语态答案

1.are taking

2. was / got hurt 3. hasn’t arrived

4. are taken / are being taken 5. would return 6. will come 7. is held 8. woke

9. be kept 10. am using

11. was making 12. has sent 13 will drop.14. is worked 15. studied 16. Has slept/ has been sleeping 17. was leaving 18.took 19. Had handed 20 was sold

1. received 2. lives 3. said 4.would come 5. comes 6.will get

7. had begun 8. left 9. was completed 10. told 11. has 12. looks