【广东专用】2014届高考英语一轮复习课时作业(三十八) [选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions]

课时作业(三十八) [选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions]

(限时：30分钟)

Ⅰ.完形填空

Window

Bill and John, both seriously ill, lived in the same room at Marie Hospital. John lived next to the only window of the room and was allowed to __1__ in his bed and watch for an hour every day. But Bill had to spend all his time __2__ on his back. They became friends soon and talked for hours every day. They spoke of their families, their children, their hobbies, and their __3__ in the American army. Each day John would sit up and __4__ to his roommate Bill what he could see outside the window.

Through John's description, Bill's world was __5__ and brightened by all the activities and colors of the outside world. The window overlooked a beautiful park with a lovely lake, John told Bill. And a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance. As John described all these in detail, Bill would close his eyes and __6__ the picturesque scene. Bill was recovering little by little. However, John became weak day by day.

Late one night, Bill was lying in bed __7__ the ceiling when John began to cough seriously. Then doctors and nurses rushed to the room. Thirty minutes later, John __8__ coughing. Now, there was only silence—__9__ silence.

The following morning, Bill was moved to the bed next to the window at his request. Slowly and __10__， he supported himself up on one elbow to take the first look. But to his __11__， he could see nothing but a __12__ wall.

Only at that moment did he begin to realize that the pursuit of happiness was a matter of __13__. It was a positive attitude we chose to express. It was not a gift that got __14__ to our doorstep each morning, nor did it come through the window. It was an inward journey. Whether a man is happy or not depends on his own thoughts rather than anything outward.

So Bill began to describe the __15__ world to his new roommate that he saw through the only window of the room.

1．A.stand up B．sit up C．set up D．stay up 2．A.lying B．depending C．going D．relying 3．A.service B．advice C．appearance D．violence 4．A.explain B．complain C．describe D．introduce 5．A.affected B．broadened C．damaged D．expanded 6．A.see B．remember

C．imagine D．recognize 7．A.thinking about B．staring at C．holding up D．fixing on 8．A.stopped B．continued C．avoided D．survived 9．A.deadly B．dead C．breathless D．aimless 10．A.regretfully B．fortunately C．particularly D．hopefully

11．A.surprise B．delight C．relief D．anger 12．A.simple B．blank C．colored D．painted 13．A.consideration B．expression C．choice D．practice 14．A.delivered B．decorated C．devoted D．determined

15．A.friendly B．yearly C．lively D．likely Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

In a few years, you might be able to speak Chinese, Korean, Japanese, French, and English—and all at the same time. This sounds incredible, but Alex Waibel, a computer science professor at US's Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) and Germany's University of Karlsruhe, announced last week that it may soon be reality. He and his team have invented software and hardware that could make it far easier for people who speak different languages to understand each other.

One application, called Lecture Translation, can easily translate a speech from one language into another. Current translation technologies typically limit speakers to certain topics or a limited vocabulary. Users also have to be trained how to use the program.

Another prototype (雏形机) can send translations of a speech to different listeners depending on what language they speak. “It is like having a simultaneous translator right next to you but without disturbing the person next to you，” Waibel said.

Prefer to read? So-called Translation Glasses transcribe (转录) the translations on a tiny liquid-crystal (液晶) display (LCD) screen.

Then there's the Muscle Translator. Electrodes capture the electrical signals from facial muscle movements made naturally when a person is mouthing words. The signals are then translated into speech. The electrodes could be replaced with wireless chips implanted in a person's face, according to researchers.

During a demonstration held last Thursday in CMU's Pittsburgh campus, a Chinese student named Stan Jou had 11 tiny electrodes attached to the muscles of his cheeks, neck and throat. Then he mouthed—without speaking aloud—a few words in Mandarin (普通话) to the audience. A few seconds later, the phrase was displayed on a computer screen and spoken out by the computer in English and Spanish: “Let me introduce our new prototype.”

This particular gadget(器具)，when fully developed, might allow anyone to speak in any number of languages or, as Waibel put it, “to switch your mouth to a foreign language”. “The idea behind the university's prototypes is to create ‘good enough’ bridges for cross­cultural exchanges that are becoming more common in the world，” Waibel said.

With spontaneous (自发的) translators, foreign drivers in Germany could listen to traffic warnings on the radio, tourists in China could read all the signs and talk with local people, and leaders of different countries could have secret talks without any interpreters there.

16．Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．A Lecture Translation can translate what you said into other languages easily. B．There is no Muscle Translator in the world now.

C．Muscle Translators can translate what you think into speech if you just move your mouth. D．The spontaneous translators will help us a lot.

17．What kind of equipment is NOT mentioned in this passage? A．Lecture Translation. B．Muscle Translator. C．Multiple Translator. D．Translation Prototype.

18．What's the final destination of inventing the language translators? A．To make cultural exchanges between different countries easier. B．To help students learn foreign languages more easily. C．To make people live in foreign countries more comfortably. D．To help people learn more foreign languages in the future. 19．What can be inferred from the seventh paragraph?

A．The translator is so good that it can translate any language into the very language you need. B．The translator is becoming more and more common in the world as a bridge.

C．With the help of the translator, you only need to open your mouth when you want to say something without saying the exact words at all.

D．The translator needs to be improved before being put into market. 20．Where can this passage probably be from? A．A newspaper. B．A magazine on science. C．A fairy tale. D．A scientific fantasy book.

B

You've heard of the fat suit and the pregnancy suit; now meet AGNES—the old person suit. AGNES stands for “Age Gain Now Empathy System” and was designed by researchers at MIT's AgeLab to let you know what it feels like—physically—to be 75 years old. “The business of old age demands new tools，” said Joseph Coughlin, director of the AgeLab. “While focus groups and observations and surveys can help you understand what the older consumer needs and wants, young marketers never get that ‘Ah ha！’ moment of having difficulty opening a jar, or getting in and out of a car. That's what AGNES provides.”

Coughlin and his team carefully adjusted the suit to make the wearer just as uncomfortable as an old person who has spent a lifetime eating poorly and not doing much exercise. Special shoes provide a feeling of imbalance, while braces on the knees and elbows limit joint mobility (机动性). Gloves give the feeling of decreased strength and mobility in the hands and wrists, and earplugs make it difficult to hear high-pitched sounds and soft tones. A helmet with straps (带) attached to it presses the spine (脊柱), and more straps attached to the shoes decrease hamstring flexibility, and shorten the wearer's step.

AGNES has been used most recently by a group of students working on a design of an_updated_walker. By wearing the suit they could see for themselves what design and materials would make the most sense for a physically limited older person. Coughlin said the suit has also been

used by clothing companies, car companies and retail goods companies to help them understand the limitations of an older consumer.

“AGNES is not the destiny (天命) of everybody，” Coughlin said. “She is a badly behaved lady who didn't eat and exercise very well. A secondary benefit we've found with AGNES is that it has become a powerful tool to get younger people to invest in their long-term health.”

21．AGNES is supposed to ________. A．make the users more comfortable B．let us understand old people better C．help old people move more quickly D．produce new tools for the old-age business

22．According to the text, young marketers never ________. A．ask what old people need and want B．see the efforts old people make C．feel the same way as old people do

D．say “Ah ha！” when they meet with difficulty 23．The 3rd paragraph mainly tells about ________. A．how advanced AGNES is B．how AGNES has been developed C．how old people act D．how AGNES works

24．The underlined phrase “an updated walker” most likely refers to ________． A．a new kind of suit that helps people relax B．a physically limited old person

C．some equipment that helps old people get around D．a company which serves old people

25．Which might be a fact resulting from the “secondary benefit” of AGNES? A．Young people respect old people more. B．Old­age businesses improve their service. C．Old people eat and exercise well. D．Young people eat and exercise well.

课时作业(三十八)

Ⅰ.窗口可以让我们看到外面的世界。我们的心灵之窗打开之后也能让我们在困境中看到生机。

1．B 考查动词短语辨析。病人可以“坐起来”看窗外，另外第二段最后一句话也有提示。sit up意为“坐直，坐起来”；stand up意为“站起来”；set up意为“建立”；stay up意为“熬夜，不睡觉”。

2．A 考查上下文逻辑关系理解。从后文on his back看出比尔只能每天“躺着”。 3．A 考查词语搭配。service in the army意为“在部队服役”。说明两人聊起了在部队当兵的共同经历。

4．C 考查上下文关系理解。约翰向病友比尔“描述”窗外的景象。第三段首句有description提示。explain意为“解释”；complain意为“抱怨”；introduce意为“介绍”。

5．B 考查词语搭配。broadened and brightened相配，通过约翰的描述，比尔的世界“更开阔了”。expand指的是“发展，壮大”；affect意为“影响”；damage意为“毁掉”。

6．C 考查动词辨析。比尔看不见窗外的景色，只能根据约翰的描述来想象，因此应当用imagine一词，而不是“看见”、“记得”、“认出”。

7．B 考查动词短语辨析。ceiling是“天花板”的意思，句意：比尔躺在床上盯着天花板。think about意为“考虑”；stare at意为“盯着”； hold up意为“举起”；fix on意为“选定，确定”。

8．A 考查上下文逻辑关系理解。后句表明约翰死了，所以应该选择“停止咳嗽”。 9．A 考查形容词辨析。deadly意为“致命的，破坏性的或极其的”； dead意为“死的”；breathless意为“气喘吁吁的，喘不上气来”；aimless意为“漫无目的的”。句中修饰silence，应当用deadly，意为“死一般的寂静”。

10．D 考查对主旨的理解。比尔一直渴望看到窗外的风景，因此要求转到约翰的床上去，所以他“充满希望地”支起胳膊看窗外。regretfully意为“后悔地，遗憾地”；fortunately意为“幸运地”；particularly意为“特别地”； hopefully的意思是“充满希望地”。

11．A 考查短语辨析。比尔满心期待，却没有看到约翰所描述的景象，应当是感到吃惊。to one's surprise意为“令人吃惊的是”；to one's delight意为“令人高兴的是”；to one's relief意为“令人释然的是”；to one's anger意为“令人愤怒的是”。

12．B 考查形容词辨析。a blank wall意为“一面空白的墙”。simple意为“简单的”；colored意为“有颜色的”；painted意为“涂油漆的”。

13．C 考查名词辨析。从后文中we chose to express可以看出是“一种态度的选择”，应当用choice。consideration意为“考虑”； expression意为“表达，表情”；practice意为“练习，实践”。

14．A 考查动词辨析。此句意为“对幸福的选择不是送到门口的礼物”。deliver意为“投递，送交”。

15．C 考查形容词辨析。只要我们选择希望，生活应该是“充满生机和活力的”。friendly, yearly, likely均为形容词，词义为“友好的”、“年度的”、“可能的”，均不恰当。

Ⅱ.A

本文是一篇说明文，内容是有关翻译机器发明成果的阐述。 16．B 细节理解题。根据文章第五、六段可推出B项是错误的。

17．C 推理判断题。在短文第二段中提到了Lecture Translation，在第三段中提到了prototype，在第五段中又提到了Muscle Translator，因而没有被提到的应该是C项。

18．A 推理判断题。根据短文倒数第二段所述“The idea behind the university's prototypes is to create ‘good enough' bridges for cross-cultural exchanges that are becoming more common in the world，”可以推断出A项就是发明翻译机器的真正目的。

19．D 推理判断题。根据短文第七段所述This particular gadget, when fully developed„，其含义为“当这种特别的器具得以充分的改进时„„”，可以推测出，目前这种器械尚在发展完善之中。

20．B 推理判断题。这篇文章是有关翻译机器发明成果的阐述，根据常识，它极有可能会选自科学杂志。

B

如果现在不注意锻炼身体，老了以后会怎样？穿上AGNES，现在你就可以感受到老年人的感觉。

21．B 细节理解题。根据第二段中„let you know what it feels like—physically—to be 75 years old.可知，AGNES的功能是让人们提前感受人老以后的实际身体状况。

22．C 推理判断题。根据第二段While„young marketers never get that ‘Ah ha！’ moment of having difficulty opening a jar, or getting in and out of a car. That's what AGNES provides.可知，年轻的销售人员在生活中从未感受老年人的难处。

23．D 段落大意题。 第三段主要介绍AGNES这套服装是如何让人在具体部位有不舒服的感觉，感受年老以后的身体不适。

24．C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容特别是By wearing the suit they could see for themselves what design and materials would make the most sense for a physically limited older person.可以看出，这些学生在研究一款新的walker，通过试穿AGNES，他们能够切身感受老年人的身体情况，从而能够确定什么样的设计和材料才最为合适，可知画线部分是指为老年人开发的一种产品。

25．D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中A secondary benefit we've found with AGNES is that it has become a powerful tool to get younger people to invest in their long-term health.可知，AGNES还能促使年轻人注意保持身体健康。